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Sahih al-Bukhari 1906 (Book 30, Hadith 16) #1829
The Importance of Fasting During Ramadan and Shawwal

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the importance of fasting during Ramadan and Shawwal, and how to act if the crescent is not visible.

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: Allah's Messenger mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not fast unless you see the crescent (of Ramadan), and do not give up fasting till you see the crescent (of Shawwal), but if the sky is overcast (if you cannot see it), then act on estimation (ie count Sha'ban as 30 days).
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ، وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ، فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ

TOPICS
fasting  *  crescent  *  ramadan

QUICK LESSONS:
Wait until you can see the crescent before beginning or ending your fast; Estimate 30 days if there is an overcast sky; Follow instructions from Allah's Messenger ﷺ .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of fasting during both Ramadan and Shawwal. It teaches us that we should not fast until we see the crescent of Ramadan, but if it is overcast then we should estimate it as 30 days. Similarly, when it comes to ending our fasts at the end of Shawwal, we should wait until we can see the crescent before ending our fasts. This hadith also teaches us that even when things are uncertain or difficult to understand, Allah will always provide a way for us to do what He has asked from us.

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