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Sunan an-Nasai 3437 (Book 27, Hadith 49) #18049
Intention Determines Action

SUMMARY: Actions are determined by intentions, and each person will only receive the reward for what they intended.

It was narrated that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Messenger of Allah said: "Actions are but by intentions, and each man will have but that which he intended. Whoever emigrated for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, his emigration was for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, and whoever emigrated for the sake of some worldly gain or to marry some woman, his emigration was for that for which he emigrated".
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ، قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ وَقَّاصٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ، رضى الله عنه - وَفِي حَدِيثِ الْحَارِثِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ - قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّةِ وَإِنَّمَا لاِمْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَوِ امْرَأَةٍ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ

TOPICS
intention  *  action  *  reward  *  niyyah  *  fil  *  thawab

QUICK LESSONS:
Have good intentions in all you do ; Perform acts with sincerity ; Understand how your intention affects your reward from Allah SWT .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that our actions are determined by our intentions. Our intentions determine the reward we will receive for our actions. For example, if someone emigrates to a new country for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, then their emigration is considered an act of worship and they will be rewarded accordingly. However, if someone emigrates to a new country for worldly gain or to marry someone, then their intention was not pure and so they will not receive as much reward as those who had good intentions when performing the same action. This teaches us that it is important to have good intentions in all that we do in order to reap its rewards in this life and the hereafter. It also reminds us that even small acts can have great rewards if done with sincerity and purity of heart.

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