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Sahih al-Bukhari 1295 (Book 23, Hadith 53) #1245
Charity and Inheritance

SUMMARY: The Prophet (pbuh) advised Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas to give one-third of his wealth in charity, and that he should leave his inheritors wealthy rather than poor. He also said that if Sa'd was left behind after the companions had gone, whatever good deeds he did would upgrade him and raise him high.

Narrated 'Amir bin Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas: That his father said, "In the year of the last Hajj of the Prophet I became seriously ill and the Prophet used to visit me inquiring about my health. I told him, 'I am reduced to this state because of illness and I am wealthy and have no inheritors except a daughter, (In this narration the name of 'Amir bin Sa'd is mentioned and in fact it is a mistake; the narrator is 'Aisha bint Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas). Should I give two-thirds of my property in charity?' He said, 'No'. I asked, 'Half?' He said, 'No'. then he added, 'One-Third, and even one-third is much. You'd better leave your inheritors wealthy rather than leaving them poor, begging others. You will get a reward for whatever you spend for Allah's sake, even for what you put in your wife's mouth'. I said, 'O Allah's Messenger ! Will I be left alone after my companions have gone?' He said, 'If you are left behind, whatever good deeds you will do will upgrade you and raise you high. And perhaps you will have a long life so that some people will be benefited by you while others will be harmed by you. O Allah! Complete the emigration of my companions and do not turn them renegades'. But Allah's Messenger felt sorry for poor Sa'd bin Khaula as he died in Mecca". (but Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas lived long after the Prophet (pbuh))
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَعُودُنِي عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعٍ اشْتَدَّ بِي فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي قَدْ بَلَغَ بِي مِنَ الْوَجَعِ وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ، وَلاَ يَرِثُنِي إِلاَّ ابْنَةٌ، أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِثُلُثَىْ مَالِي قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ بِالشَّطْرِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ ‏"‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلْثُ كَبِيرٌ ـ أَوْ كَثِيرٌ ـ إِنَّكَ أَنْ تَذَرَ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَذَرَهُمْ عَالَةً يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ، وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ أُجِرْتَ بِهَا، حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أُخَلَّفُ بَعْدَ أَصْحَابِي قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تُخَلَّفَ فَتَعْمَلَ عَمَلاً صَالِحًا إِلاَّ ازْدَدْتَ بِهِ دَرَجَةً وَرِفْعَةً، ثُمَّ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تُخَلَّفَ حَتَّى يَنْتَفِعَ بِكَ أَقْوَامٌ وَيُضَرَّ بِكَ آخَرُونَ، اللَّهُمَّ أَمْضِ لأَصْحَابِي هِجْرَتَهُمْ، وَلاَ تَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ، لَكِنِ الْبَائِسُ سَعْدُ ابْنُ خَوْلَةَ، يَرْثِي لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَنْ مَاتَ بِمَكَّةَ

TOPICS
charity  *  inheritance  *  wealth  *  reward

QUICK LESSONS:
Give one third of your wealth in charity for Allah's sake; Leave your inheritors wealthy rather than poor; Do good deeds which will upgrade you; Have compassion on those who are less fortunate; Be generous with what you have been blessed with from Allah ﷺ .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about charity and inheritance. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ advised Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas to give one-third of his wealth in charity, as this is much better than leaving your inheritors poor and begging others. He also said that if Sa'd was left behind after the companions had gone, whatever good deeds he did would upgrade him and raise him high. This teaches us the importance of giving charity for Allah's sake, as it will be rewarded greatly by Him. It also teaches us to leave our inheritors wealthy rather than poor so they can have a better life without having to beg others for help or money. Finally, it shows us how even small acts of kindness can be rewarded by Allah ﷺ with great rewards in the hereafter.

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