Seven milestones in the evolutionary development of life are mentioned in order in the Quran's chapter The Believers (Al Muminoon) verses 12 to 14.

Some interesting books on the topic include:

Islamic Theory of Evolution by T.O Shanavas
Islam and Evolution by Shoaib Ahmed Malik
Islam and Biological Evolution by David Solomon Jalajel
Islam's Quantum Question by Nidhal Guessoum

Interesting Numeric Pattern

This video references 3 previous posts.  One on clay, one on surat al-'alaq, and one on the 2 bodies of water separated by a barrier.  They all share an interesting numerical pattern with this surah.

In the Quran:

Clay is mentioned 5 different ways, but 2 of the ways are indirect (Salsalin instead of Teen). Clay is thought to facilitate the creation of organic materials, including the nucleotides needed for RNA and DNA.

 So,    5 - 2

In the first 5 ayat in surat al 'alaq, there are 5 words that are mentioned 2 times (read, created, your 

Lord, taught, mankind).  I have conjectured that DNA is a possible meaning for 'alaq.

So,  5 x 2

The two bodies of water (al bahrain) are mentioned 5 times , often divided by a barrier (the cell membrane).  The five mentions seem to map out marine evolution from prokaryotes to amphibians.

So,     5 / 2

And in this post, surah Al Muminoon 12-14, there are 7 milestones,  5 milestones for life, and 2 milestones for the abiogenesis before life.

So,   5  +  2  

Is it there a significance to 5  and 2?    

It is interesting that the verses have a scientific explanation that all entail DNA / RNA.  And DNA and RNA contain 5 different nucleotides, and DNA is a double helical array of nucleotides.