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(Book 38, Hadith 7) #36541
Setting Free Slaves

SUMMARY: A slave-girl was freed by Umar ibn al-Khattab after being beaten with a red hot iron. It is not permissible to free someone who has a debt that exceeds their property, and a boy cannot be set free until he reaches puberty.

Malik related to me that he had heard that a slave-girl came to Umar ibn al-Khattab (who had been beaten by her master with a red hot iron) and he set her free. Malik said, "The generally agreed- on way of doing things among us is that a man is not permitted to be freed while he has a debt against him which exceeds his property. A boy is not allowed to be set free until he has reached puberty. The young person whose affairs are managed cannot set free in his property, even when he reaches puberty, until he manages his property".
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، أَتَتْهُ وَلِيدَةٌ قَدْ ضَرَبَهَا سَيِّدُهَا بِنَارٍ أَوْ أَصَابَهَا بِهَا فَأَعْتَقَهَا ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ الأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّهُ لاَ تَجُوزُ عَتَاقَةُ رَجُلٍ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ يُحِيطُ بِمَالِهِ وَأَنَّهُ لاَ تَجُوزُ عَتَاقَةُ الْغُلاَمِ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ أَوْ يَبْلُغَ مَبْلَغَ الْمُحْتَلِمِ وَأَنَّهُ لاَ تَجُوزُ عَتَاقَةُ الْمُوَلَّى عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ وَإِنْ بَلَغَ الْحُلُمَ حَتَّى يَلِيَ مَالَهُ
TOPICS
freedom  *  slave  *  debt  *  property  *  puberty  *  hurriyah  *  abd  *  qarz  *  mal  *  bulugh

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect for human life regardless of status or age; Take care of one's own finances; Freeing slaves when possible; Financial responsibility .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about the freeing of slaves, which was an important practice in Islamic society. Umar ibn al-Khattab freed a slave girl who had been beaten with a red hot iron by her master. The general rule is that it is not permissible to free someone who has more debt than property, and boys cannot be set free until they reach puberty. When the young person whose affairs are managed reaches puberty, they can only be set free if they manage their own property first. This hadith teaches us the importance of freeing slaves and respecting them as human beings regardless of their status or age. It also teaches us about financial responsibility and how we should take care of our own finances before taking on any other responsibilities or obligations.

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