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(Book 18, Hadith 33) #35720
Fasting on Ashura in Pre-Islamic and Islamic Times

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used to fast on the day of Ashura during the pre-Islamic period, and he continued to do so after his migration to Madina. He then made fasting in Ramadan obligatory, but people were still allowed to fast on Ashura if they wanted.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Hisham ibn Urwa from his father that A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The day of Ashura was a day the Quraysh used to fast in the jahiliyya, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used also to fast it during the jahiliyya. Then when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to Madina he fasted it and ordered that it be fasted. Then Ramadan was made obligatory, and that became the fard instead of Ashura, but whoever wanted to, fasted it, and whoever did not want to, did not fast it".
حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمًا تَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَصُومُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الْمَدِينَةَ صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ هُوَ الْفَرِيضَةَ وَتُرِكَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ

TOPICS
fasting  *  aashooraa  *  sawm  *  jahiliyya  *  saw  *  ashura  *  period  *  muhammad

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect other religions' practices ; Be open minded ; Follow God's commands ; Keep up with changing times while maintaining spiritual values .

EXPLANATIONS:
The hadith is about the practice of fasting on the day of Ashura during both pre-Islamic and Islamic times. During pre-Islam, it was a common practice among the Quraysh tribe for people to fast this day as part of their religious observance. After Prophet Muhammad's migration to Madina, he continued this practice and even ordered others to do so as well. However, when Ramadan was made obligatory for Muslims, it replaced fasting on Ashura as a religious obligation; yet those who wished could still choose to fast it if they wanted. This hadith teaches us that we should be open minded towards practices that are not necessarily part of our religion but have been practiced by other religions or cultures before us; we should respect them and not reject them out rightly without considering their merits first. It also teaches us that although certain practices may become obsolete due to new revelations or changes in circumstances, we can still choose whether or not we want continue with them if they are beneficial for us spiritually or otherwise.

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