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Musnad Ahmad 993 (Book 5, Hadith 417) #34643
Equality Amongst Believers & Protection of Covenants

SUMMARY: Believers are equal in respect of blood and they should protect each other, no believer should be killed for a disbeliever, and no one with a covenant should be killed during the covenant.

It was narrated that Qais bin 'Ubad said: I set out with al-Ashtar to go to 'Ali (رضي الله عنه). We said: Did the Prophet of Allah tell you something that he did not tell to all the people? He said: No, except what is in this document. He the narrator said: A document in the sheath of this sword. In it was said: "The believers are equal in respect of blood and they are one against their enemies; protection given even by the least among them is to be honoured, but no believer is to be killed (in retaliation) for a disbeliever and no one who has a covenant is to be killed during the covenant. Whoever commits an offence or gives refuge to an offender, upon him be the curse of Allah, the angels and all the people'.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ عُبَادٍ، قَالَ انْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ، إِلَى عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقُلْنَا هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَعْهَدْهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ عَامَّةً قَالَ لَا إِلَّا مَا فِي كِتَابِي هَذَا قَالَ وَكِتَابٌ فِي قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ فَإِذَا فِيهِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ أَلَا لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ مَنْ أَحْدَثَ حَدَثًا أَوْ آوَى مُحْدِثًا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ‏.‏

TOPICS
equality  *  blood  *  enemies  *  protection  *  least  *  disbeliever  *  covenant

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat others equally regardless of differences ; Protect each other from enemies ; Honour any protection given even by those who may seem least capable ; Do not kill any believer for a disbeliever ; Do not give refuge or commit offences .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the importance of equality amongst believers and protecting covenants. It was narrated by Qais bin 'Ubad that he set out with al-Ashtar to go to 'Ali. They asked if the Prophet of Allah told him something that he did not tell to all the people, and he said no except what is in this document which was in the sheath of his sword. The document stated that believers are equal in respect of blood and they are one against their enemies; protection given even by the least among them is to be honoured, but no believer is to be killed for a disbeliever and no one who has a covenant is to be killed during the covenant. Whoever commits an offence or gives refuge to an offender will have Allah's curse upon them as well as from angels and all people. This hadith teaches us about how important it is for believers to treat each other equally regardless of their differences, protect each other from enemies, honour any protection given even by those who may seem least capable, not kill any believer for a disbeliever or anyone with a covenant during its duration, and not give refuge or commit offences as it will bring Allah's curse upon them.

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