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Musnad Ahmad 202 (Book 2, Hadith 119) #33894
The Importance of Ghusl Before Prayers

SUMMARY: Umar bin al Khattab reprimanded a companion of the Prophet Muhammad for not performing ghusl (ritual bath) before attending the Friday prayer, even though he had done wudu (ablution).

It was narrated from Salim from his father that whilst 'Umar bin al Khattab was addressing the people on a Friday, one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah came in, 'Umar called out to him: What time is this? He said: I was busy today and I did not go back to my family when I heard the call to prayer, so I did no more than doing wudoo’. ʼUmar said: Just wudooʼ, when you know that the Messenger of Allah used to enjoin ghusl!?
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بَيْنَا هُوَ قَائِمٌ يَخْطُبُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ فَنَادَاهُ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَيَّةُ سَاعَةٍ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي شُغِلْتُ الْيَوْمَ فَلَمْ أَنْقَلِبْ إِلَى أَهْلِي حَتَّى سَمِعْتُ النِّدَاءَ فَلَمْ أَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ تَوَضَّأْتُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ الْوُضُوءَ أَيْضًا وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ وَفِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ وَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْغُسْلِ‏.‏

TOPICS
bath  *  ablution  *  prayer  *  obligation

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow Prophetic teachings; Perform ritual bath; Do ablutions; Attend prayers on time; Respect religious obligations
EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith highlights the importance of performing ghusl before attending prayers. Ghusl is a ritual bath that involves washing one’s entire body with water. It is an obligation in Islam and must be performed before any major act of worship such as prayer or Hajj. In this hadith, Umar bin al Khattab reprimanded a companion for only doing wudu when he knew that the Prophet Muhammad used to enjoin ghusl. Wudu is an ablution which involves washing certain parts of one’s body with water and it must be done prior to every prayer. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive to perform our religious obligations in accordance with what was taught by Prophet Muhammad and not take shortcuts or neglect them altogether.

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