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Sunan Ibn Majah 2720 (Book 23, Hadith 2) #32074
Inheritance Rights in Islam

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ was silent until the verse of inheritance was revealed to him, and then he instructed the brother of Sad bin Rabi to give two thirds of his wealth to his two daughters and one eighth to his wife.

It was narrated that Jabir bin 'Abdullah said: "The wife of Sa’d bin Rabi’ came with the two daughters of Sa’d to the Prophet and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, these are the two daughters of Sa’d. He was killed with you on the day of Uhud, and their paternal uncle has taken all that their father left behind, and a woman is only married for her wealth.’ The Prophet remained silent until the Verse of inheritance was revealed to him. Then the Messenger of Allah called the brother of Sa’d bin Rabi’ and said: 'Give the two daughters of Sa’d two thirds of his wealth, and give his wife on eighth, and take what is left.’"
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَقِيلٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةُ سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ بِابْنَتَىْ سَعْدٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَاتَانِ ابْنَتَا سَعْدٍ قُتِلَ مَعَكَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَإِنَّ عَمَّهُمَا أَخَذَ جَمِيعَ مَا تَرَكَ أَبُوهُمَا وَإِنَّ الْمَرْأَةَ لاَ تُنْكَحُ إِلاَّ عَلَى مَالِهَا ‏.‏ فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْمِيرَاثِ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَخَا سَعْدِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ أَعْطِ ابْنَتَىْ سَعْدٍ ثُلُثَىْ مَالِهِ وَأَعْطِ امْرَأَتَهُ الثُّمُنَ وَخُذْ أَنْتَ مَا بَقِيَ

TOPICS
inheritance  *  wealth  *  daughters  *  faraidh  *  maal  *  muhammad

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow Islamic laws regarding inheritance; Take care of your families by providing them with financial security; Be just and fair when distributing a deceased person’s estate; Respect women’s rights over their husband’s wealth after death.

EXPLANATIONS:
According to this hadith, when a man dies, it is important for his family members to follow Islamic laws regarding inheritance. This hadith tells us that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) instructed Sad bin Rabi's brother to give two thirds of Sad's wealth to his two daughters and one eighth of it should be given to his wife. This shows us that Islam gives women rights over their husband's wealth even after death. It also teaches us that men should take care of their families by providing them with financial security even after they are gone. Furthermore, this hadith also teaches us about justice and fairness as it instructs people not only on how much money each person should receive but also who should receive what amount from the deceased's estate.

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