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Sahih al-Bukhari 3184 (Book 58, Hadith 26) #3043
Conditions for Entering Mecca

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was allowed to enter Mecca on the condition that he would not stay for more than three days, would not enter with weapons, and would not preach Islam. He agreed to these conditions but when the Meccans found out he was a prophet of Allah they wanted him to leave.

Narrated Al-Bara: When the Prophet intended to perform the 'Umra he sent a person to the people of Mecca asking their permission to enter Mecca. They stipulated that he would not stay for more than three days and would not enter it except with sheathed arms and would not preach (Islam) to any of them. So 'Ali bin Abi- Talib started writing the treaty between them. He wrote, "This is what Muhammad, Apostle of Allah has agreed to". The (Meccans) said, "If we knew that you (Muhammad) are the Messenger of Allah, then we would not have prevented you and would have followed you. But write, 'This is what Muhammad bin 'Abdullah has agreed to'. " On that Allah's Messenger said, "By Allah, I am Muhammad bin 'Abdullah, and, by Allah, I am Apostle of 'Allah". Allah's Messenger used not to write; so he asked 'Ali to erase the expression of Apostle of Allah. On that 'Ali said, "By Allah I will never erase it". Allah's Apostle said (to 'Ali), "Let me see the paper". When 'Ali showed him the paper, the Prophet erased the expression with his own hand. When Allah's Messenger had entered Mecca and three days had elapsed, the Meccans came to 'Ali and said, "Let your friend (ie the Prophet) quit Mecca"'.Ali informed Allah's Messenger about it and Allah's Messenger said, "Yes," and then he departed.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُرَيْحُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ بْنِ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي الْبَرَاءُ ـ رضى الله عنه أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَعْتَمِرَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ يَسْتَأْذِنُهُمْ لِيَدْخُلَ مَكَّةَ، فَاشْتَرَطُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنْ لاَ يُقِيمَ بِهَا إِلاَّ ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ، وَلاَ يَدْخُلَهَا إِلاَّ بِجُلُبَّانِ السِّلاَحِ، وَلاَ يَدْعُوَ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا، قَالَ فَأَخَذَ يَكْتُبُ الشَّرْطَ بَيْنَهُمْ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَكَتَبَ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ‏.‏ فَقَالُوا لَوْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَمْ نَمْنَعْكَ وَلَبَايَعْنَاكَ، وَلَكِنِ اكْتُبْ هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَنَا وَاللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَا وَاللَّهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانَ لاَ يَكْتُبُ قَالَ فَقَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ ‏"‏ امْحُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَمْحَاهُ أَبَدًا‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَأَرِنِيهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَرَاهُ إِيَّاهُ، فَمَحَاهُ النَّبِيُّ بِيَدِهِ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ وَمَضَى الأَيَّامُ أَتَوْا عَلِيًّا فَقَالُوا مُرْ صَاحِبَكَ فَلْيَرْتَحِلْ‏.‏ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ نَعَمْ ‏"‏ ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلَ‏.‏

TOPICS
mecca  *  prophetmuhammad  *  treaty  *  permission  *  makkah  *  hudna  *  ijazah

QUICK LESSONS:
Keep your word and be honest in your dealings with others even if it means you have to make sacrifices or suffer losses yourself .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the conditions set by the people of Mecca when Prophet Muhammad ﷺ asked permission to enter their city. They stipulated that he could only stay for three days, must come unarmed and could not preach Islam while there. When they found out that Muhammad ﷺ was a prophet of Allah they asked him to leave even though he had agreed to their terms. This teaches us that we should always keep our word and be honest in our dealings with others even if it means we have to make sacrifices or suffer losses ourselves. We should also remember that Allah is always watching us and will reward us if we are truthful in our actions.

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