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Jami at-Tirmidhi 3706 (Book 49, Hadith 102) #29364
Forgiveness and Reward of Uthman

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) forgiving Uthman for his absence from the battle of Badr and Uhud, and also for not being present at the Pledge of Ar-Ridwan.

Narrated 'Uthman bin 'Abdullah bin Mawhab: "A man among the people of Egypt performed Hajj to the House, and saw a group sitting, so he said: 'Who are these?' They said: 'The Quraish'. He said: 'So who is this old man?' They said: 'Ibn 'Umar'. So he went to him and said: 'I will ask you about something, so inform me. I ask you by Allah! By the sanctity of this House! Do you know that 'Uthman fled on the Day of (the battle of) Uhud?' He said: 'Yes'. He said: 'Do you know that he was absent from the Pledge of Ar-Ridwan, that he did not witness it?' He said: 'Yes'. He said: 'Do you know that he was absent on the Day of (the battle of) Badr and did not participate in it?' He said: 'Yes'. So he said: 'Allah is Great' So Ibn 'Umar said to him: 'Come, so I can clarify to you what you have asked about. As for his fleeing on the Day of (the battle of) Uhud, then I bear witness that Allah has pardoned him and forgiven him. As for his being absent on the Day of (the battle of) Badr, then he was married to the daughter of the Messenger of Allah . So the Messenger of Allah said to him: "You have the reward of a man who participated in (the battle of) Badr, and his share (spoils of war)". And he ordered him to stay behind with her, as she was ill. As for his being absent from the Pledge of Ar-Ridwan, then if there was anyone more revered in Makkah than 'Uthman, then the Messenger of Allah would have sent him instead of 'Uthman. The Messenger of Allah sent 'Uthman to Makkah, and the Pledge of Ar-Ridwan was after 'Uthman had departed for Makkah". He said: "So the Messenger of Allah said with his right hand: "This is the hand of 'Uthman," and he put it upon his own hand, and said: "This is for 'Uthman"'. He said to him: "Go now, and take this (clarification) with you".
حَدَّثَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنْ أَهْلِ مِصْرَ حَجَّ الْبَيْتَ فَرَأَى قَوْمًا جُلُوسًا فَقَالَ مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ قَالُوا قُرَيْشٌ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَمَنْ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ قَالُوا ابْنُ عُمَرَ ‏.‏ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَحَدِّثْنِي أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ بِحُرْمَةِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ فَرَّ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ تَغَيَّبَ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ تَغَيَّبَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَلَمْ يَشْهَدْ قَالَ نَعَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ تَعَالَ أُبَيِّنْ لَكَ مَا سَأَلْتَ عَنْهُ أَمَّا فِرَارُهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ عَفَا عَنْهُ وَغَفَرَ لَهُ وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ - أَوْ تَحْتَهُ - ابْنَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ لَكَ أَجْرُ رَجُلٍ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَسَهْمُهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَخْلُفَ عَلَيْهَا وَكَانَتْ عَلِيلَةً وَأَمَّا تَغَيُّبُهُ عَنْ بَيْعَةِ الرِّضْوَانِ فَلَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ أَعَزَّ بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ عُثْمَانَ لَبَعَثَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مَكَانَ عُثْمَانَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عُثْمَانَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ الرِّضْوَانِ بَعْدَ مَا ذَهَبَ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِيَدِهِ الْيُمْنَى ‏"‏ هَذِهِ يَدُ عُثْمَانَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَضَرَبَ بِهَا عَلَى يَدِهِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ هَذِهِ لِعُثْمَانَ ‏"رضى الله عنه‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لَهُ اذْهَبْ بِهَذَا الآنَ مَعَكَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ

QUICK LESSONS:
Be grateful for what you have been blessed with by Allah SWT no matter how small it may seem compared to others’ blessings; Show mercy towards those who make mistakes or are unable to fulfill their duties due to certain circumstances beyond their control; Respect elders; Ask questions respectfully; Listen carefully before forming an opinion; Show gratitude towards those who help you understand something better.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how Prophet Muhammad PBUH showed forgiveness to Uthman, who was absent from the Battle of Badr and Uhud, as well as from the Pledge of Ar Ridwan. The man asked Ibn 'Umar if he knew that Uthman was absent on these occasions, to which Ibn 'Umar replied in affirmation. He then said "Allah is Great" in response to which Ibn 'Umar clarified that Allah has pardoned him and forgiven him for his absence. Furthermore, he added that if there was anyone more revered than Uthman in Makkah then Prophet Muhammad PBUH would have sent them instead. To prove this point further, he put his right hand on top of his own hand saying "This is for Uthman". This hadith teaches us about forgiveness and reward given by Allah SWT even when we make mistakes or are unable to fulfill our duties due to certain circumstances beyond our control. It also teaches us that we should always be grateful for what we have been blessed with by Allah SWT no matter how small it may seem compared to others’ blessings.

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