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Sahih al-Bukhari 3012 (Book 56, Hadith 221) #2881
Permissibility of Attacking Pagan Warriors

SUMMARY: It is permissible to attack pagan warriors at night, even if it puts their women and children in danger. The institution of Hima is only valid when authorized by Allah and His Apostle.

Narrated As-Sab bin Jaththama: The Prophet passed by me at a place called Al-Abwa or Waddan, and was asked whether it was permissible to attack the pagan warriors at night with the probability of exposing their women and children to danger. The Prophet replied, "They (ie women and children) are from them (ie pagans)". I also heard the Prophet saying, "The institution of Hima is invalid except for Allah and His Apostle".
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا الزُّهْرِيُّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ ـ رضى الله عنهم ـ قَالَ مَرَّ بِيَ النَّبِيُّ بِالأَبْوَاءِ ـ أَوْ بِوَدَّانَ ـ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ أَهْلِ الدَّارِ يُبَيَّتُونَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَيُصَابُ مِنْ نِسَائِهِمْ وَذَرَارِيِّهِمْ قَالَ ‏"‏ هُمْ مِنْهُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ ‏"‏ لاَ حِمَى إِلاَّ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ

TOPICS
attack  *  pagan  *  women  *  children  *  institution  *  alqital  *  mushrikun  *  nisa  *  atfalun  *  hima

QUICK LESSONS:
Abide by Islamic laws during war times; Seek permission from Allah before taking any action; Protect innocent people like women & children who may be affected by our decisions or actions .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the permissibility of attacking pagan warriors at night, even if it puts their women and children in danger. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was asked whether it was permissible to attack the pagan warriors at night with the probability of exposing their women and children to danger, to which he replied that they are from them. He also stated that the institution of Hima is only valid when authorized by Allah and His Apostle. This hadith teaches us that although war can be a difficult situation, we must still abide by Islamic laws during such times as well as seek permission from Allah before taking any action. We should also remember that our actions have consequences for others around us, including innocent people like women and children who may be affected by our decisions or actions.

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