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Jami at-Tirmidhi 1413 (Book 16, Hadith 29) #26993
Blood Money in Islam

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) taught that a Muslim should not be killed for a disbeliever, and the blood-money paid for a disbeliever is half of the blood-money paid for a believer.

Narrated 'Amr bin Shu'aib: from his father, from his grandfather that the Messenger of Allah said: "The Muslim is not killed for disbeliever". And with this chain, it has been narrated that the Prophet said: "The blood-money paid for disbeliever is half of the blood-money paid for a believer".
حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ يُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمٌ بِكَافِرٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَبِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏"‏ دِيَةُ عَقْلِ الْكَافِرِ نِصْفُ دِيَةِ عَقْلِ الْمُؤْمِنِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏ وَاخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي دِيَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ فَذَهَبَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي دِيَةِ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ إِلَى مَا رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ نِصْفُ دِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ ‏.‏ وَبِهَذَا يَقُولُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ أَرْبَعَةُ آلاَفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَدِيَةُ الْمَجُوسِيِّ ثَمَانُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ ‏.‏ وَبِهَذَا يَقُولُ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَإِسْحَاقُ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ دِيَةُ الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ مِثْلُ دِيَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ

TOPICS
money  *  islam  *  believers  *  disbelievers  *  diyyah  *  mumin  *  kafir

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat non-Muslims with respect & fairness according to Islamic law; Never take away another person's life without just cause; Do not discriminate against others based on their religion or beliefs .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us about the importance of justice and fairness in Islam. It states that if someone kills another person who is a Muslim, they must pay diyyah or blood money to the family of the deceased. However, if someone kills someone who is not Muslim or a disbeliever then they must only pay half of what would normally be required as diyyah or blood money. This shows us that even though Muslims are expected to protect their own faith and people first, they are still expected to treat non-Muslims with respect and fairness according to Islamic law. Furthermore, this hadith also teaches us about mercy and compassion towards others regardless of their beliefs or backgrounds; it reminds us that we should never take away another person's life without just cause nor should we discriminate against them based on their religion or beliefs.

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