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Jami at-Tirmidhi 1311 (Book 14, Hadith 114) #26887
Paying in Advance for Fruits

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ forbade paying in advance for fruits unless the measurements and weights are known.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: "When the Prophet ﷺ arrived in Al-Madinah, they were paying in advance for fruits. So he said: 'Whoever pays in advance, then let him pay in advance for known measurements (of dates), and known weights for a specified period of time'." He said: There are narrations on this topic from Ibn Abi Awfa and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abza. Abu 'Eisa said: The Hadith of Ibn 'Abbas is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others. They allow for advanced payments on food, garments and other things in which the limits and description are known. They differed over delay in delivery of animals. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others thought that delay in delivery of animals is allowed. This is the view of Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad and Ishaq. Some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, disliked delay in delivery of animals. This is the saying of Sufyan and the people of Al-Kufah. And Abu Al-Minhal's (a narrator) name is 'Abdur-Rahman bin Mut'im.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْمِنْهَالِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثَّمَرِ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ مَنْ أَسْلَفَ فَلْيُسْلِفْ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبْزَى ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَجَازُوا السَّلَفَ فِي الطَّعَامِ وَالثِّيَابِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا يُعْرَفُ حَدُّهُ وَصِفَتُهُ وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي السَّلَمِ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ فَرَأَى بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمُ السَّلَمَ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ جَائِزًا ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏ وَكَرِهَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمُ السَّلَمَ فِي الْحَيَوَانِ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَأَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ ‏.‏ أَبُو الْمِنْهَالِ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مُطْعِمٍ
TOPICS
payment  *  measurement  *  weight  *  tasleem  *  qadr  *  mizan  *  maaloomah

QUICK LESSONS:
Be mindful when making payments ; Follow rulings from companions & later scholars ; Ensure fairness between both parties involved in transactions ; Know measurements & weights ; Specify a period of time

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the importance of paying in advance for fruits with known measurements and weights over a specified period of time. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ forbade paying in advance for fruits unless these conditions were met as it was a common practice at that time to pay before receiving goods. This hadith has been narrated by several companions such as Ibn Abbas, Ibn Abi Awfa and Abdur Rahman bin Abza who all agreed on this ruling. Later scholars such as Ash Shafi’i, Ahmad and Ishaq also allowed advanced payments on food items but differed when it came to animals where some allowed delay while others did not agree with this practice. This hadith teaches us about being mindful when making payments especially when dealing with food items or animals so that we can ensure fairness between both parties involved in the transaction.

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