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Jami at-Tirmidhi 1262 (Book 14, Hadith 64) #26837
Bankruptcy and Deserving Merchandise

SUMMARY: A person who is bankrupt and finds his particular merchandise with him is more deserving of it than others.

Narrated Abu Hurairah: That the Messenger of Allah said: "Whichever person becomes bankrupt, and a man finds his particular merchandise with him, then he is more deserving of it than others. He said: There are narrations on this topic from Samurah and Ibn 'Umar. Abu 'Eisa said: The Hadith of Abu Hurairah is a Hasan Sahih Hadith. This is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge and it is the view of Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq. Some of the people of knowledge said that he is just like one of the debtors. This is the view of the people of Al-Kufah.
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ ‏ "‏ أَيُّمَا امْرِئٍ أَفْلَسَ وَوَجَدَ رَجُلٌ سِلْعَتَهُ عِنْدَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا فَهُوَ أَوْلَى بِهَا مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ سَمُرَةَ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ هُوَ أُسْوَةُ الْغُرَمَاءِ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَهْلِ الْكُوفَةِ

TOPICS
bankruptcy  *  merchandise  *  deserving  *  iqtisar  *  tijarah  *  haqqan

QUICK LESSONS:
Be fair and just when dealing with people in difficult financial situations.
EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the topic of bankruptcy, which is when a person has more debt than they can pay off. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said that if someone who is bankrupt finds their own merchandise, then they are more deserving of it than anyone else. This means that if someone has something valuable that belongs to them, even though they are in debt, then they should be allowed to keep it. Some scholars have said that this applies to all debts, while others have said only certain types of debts apply. In any case, this hadith teaches us the importance of being fair and just when dealing with people in difficult financial situations.

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