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Sahih al-Bukhari 2747 (Book 55, Hadith 10) #2626
Inheritance Laws in Islam

SUMMARY: The hadith explains the inheritance laws that were in place before Allah changed them, and how much each person is entitled to receive from the deceased's property.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The custom (in old days) was that the property of the deceased would be inherited by his offspring; as for the parents (of the deceased), they would inherit by the will of the deceased. Then Allah cancelled from that custom whatever He wished and fixed for the male double the amount inherited by the female, and for each parent a sixth (of the whole legacy) and for the wife an eighth or a fourth and for the husband a half or a fourth.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنْ وَرْقَاءَ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ كَانَ الْمَالُ لِلْوَلَدِ، وَكَانَتِ الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ، فَنَسَخَ اللَّهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا أَحَبَّ، فَجَعَلَ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلَ حَظِّ الأُنْثَيَيْنِ، وَجَعَلَ لِلأَبَوَيْنِ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا السُّدُسَ، وَجَعَلَ لِلْمَرْأَةِ الثُّمُنَ وَالرُّبْعَ، وَلِلزَّوْجِ الشَّطْرَ وَالرُّبُعَ‏.‏

TOPICS
inheritance  *  property  *  distribution

QUICK LESSONS:
Take care of your family members even after you pass away by leaving something for them through your will if you wish so .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the inheritance laws that were in place before Allah changed them. According to this hadith, when a person passed away, their offspring would inherit their property. However, if they wished to do so, they could also leave some of their property to their parents or spouse through a will. After this custom was abolished by Allah, He fixed certain amounts for each family member who was entitled to receive something from the deceased's property. For example, males received double what females did and each parent received one sixth of the whole legacy while wives got either an eighth or a fourth and husbands either a half or a fourth depending on certain conditions.

This hadith teaches us about justice and fairness as it ensures that everyone receives what is due to them according to Islamic law. It also encourages us not only take care of our own families but also those of our relatives who may be left behind after we pass away by leaving something for them through our will if we wish so.

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