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Sahih al-Bukhari 2533 (Book 49, Hadith 17) #2424
Ruling on Paternity

SUMMARY: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ruled that the son of a slave-girl of Zam'a belonged to 'Abu bin Zam'a, as he was born on his father's bed.

Narrated 'Aisha: 'Utba bin Abi Waqqas authorized his brother Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas to take the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a into his custody, telling him that the boy was his own (illegal) son. When Allah's Messenger went (to Mecca) at the time of the Conquest, Sa'd took the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a to Allah's Messenger and also brought 'Abu bin Zam'a with him and said, "O Allah's Messenger ! This is the son of my brother 'Utba who authorized me to take him into my custody"'.Abu bin Zam'a said, "O Allah's Messenger ! He is my brother, the son of Zam'a's slave-girl and he was born on his bed". Allah's Messenger looked at the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a and noticed much resemblance (to 'Utba). Allah's Messenger said, "It is for you, O 'Abu bin Zam'a as he was born on the bed of your father". Allah's Messenger then told Sauda bint Zam'a to observe veil in the presence of the boy as he noticed the boy's resemblance to 'Utba and Sauda was the wife of the Prophet .
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ إِنَّ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَهِدَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ أَنْ يَقْبِضَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ، قَالَ عُتْبَةُ إِنَّهُ ابْنِي‏.‏ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ زَمَنَ الْفَتْحِ أَخَذَ سَعْدٌ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ‏.‏ فَأَقْبَلَ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَأَقْبَلَ مَعَهُ بِعَبْدِ بْنِ زَمْعَةَ‏.‏ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا ابْنُ أَخِي عَهِدَ إِلَىَّ أَنَّهُ ابْنُهُ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَذَا أَخِي ابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ، وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ‏.‏ فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى ابْنِ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ، فَإِذَا هُوَ أَشْبَهُ النَّاسِ بِهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ ‏"‏‏.‏ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ احْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ يَا سَوْدَةُ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ ‏"‏‏.‏ مِمَّا رَأَى مِنْ شَبَهِهِ بِعُتْبَةَ‏.‏ وَكَانَتْ سَوْدَةُ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ‏.‏

TOPICS
paternity  *  bed  *  veil  *  ruling  *  alwalad  *  alfursh  *  hijab  *  hukm

QUICK LESSONS:
Be honest and truthful when it comes to matters related with paternity or lineage . Be kind towards those who are not related by blood but still have a special place in your heart like step siblings or adopted children etc., because they are just as important for you as your real siblings are!

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the ruling given by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ regarding paternity. It is narrated by Aisha that Utba bin Abi Waqqas authorized his brother Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas to take the son of the slave girl of Zam'a into his custody, telling him that the boy was his own son. When Prophet Muhammad ﷺ went to Mecca at the time of Conquest, Sa'd took this boy and Abu bin Zam’a with him and said that this boy is Utba’s son who authorized him to take care of him. Abu bin Zam’a then said that he is actually his brother, born on his father’s bed. After looking at them both and noticing much resemblance between them, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ ruled in favor of Abu bin Zam’a as he was born on his father's bed. He also asked Saudah bint Zama to observe veil in front of this boy as he noticed resemblance between them both. This hadith teaches us about how important it is for us to be honest and truthful when it comes to matters related with paternity or lineage because Allah will always know what truth lies beneath any matter no matter how hard we try hiding it from others or ourselves. It also teaches us about being kind towards those who are not related by blood but still have a special place in our hearts like step siblings or adopted children etc., because they are just as important for us as our real siblings are!

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