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Sunan Abi Dawud 3610 (Book 25, Hadith 40) #23900
Decisions Based on Oaths and Witnesses

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ gave a decision on the basis of an oath and a single witness.

Narrated AbuHurayrah: The Prophet gave a decision on the basis of an oath and a single witness. Abu Dawud said: Al-Rabi' bin Sulaiman al-Mu'adhdhin told me some additional words in this tradition: Al-Shafi'i told me from 'Abd al-'Aziz. I then mentioned it fo Suhail who said: Rabi'ah told me - and he is reliable in my opinion - that I told him this (tradition) and I do not remember it'.Abd al-'Aziz said: Suhail suffered from some disease which caused him to lose a little of his intelligence, and he forgot some of his traditions. Thereafter Suhail would narrate traditions from Rabi'ah on the authority of his father.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَضَى بِالْيَمِينِ مَعَ الشَّاهِدِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَزَادَنِي الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ قَالَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِسُهَيْلٍ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي رَبِيعَةُ - وَهُوَ عِنْدِي ثِقَةٌ - أَنِّي حَدَّثْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ وَلاَ أَحْفَظُهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ وَقَدْ كَانَ أَصَابَتْ سُهَيْلاً عِلَّةٌ أَذْهَبَتْ بَعْضَ عَقْلِهِ وَنَسِيَ بَعْضَ حَدِيثِهِ فَكَانَ سُهَيْلٌ بَعْدُ يُحَدِّثُهُ عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

TOPICS
oath  *  witness  *  decision  *  prophet

QUICK LESSONS:
Be honest in your words and actions so you can be trusted when asked to give testimony or take an oath in court or other situations .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the decisions that were made by the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ based on an oath and a single witness. An oath is when someone swears to tell the truth or to do something. A witness is someone who saw something happen or heard it from another person. The Prophet ﷺ would make decisions based on these two things if there was no other evidence available. This shows us how important it is to be honest in our words and actions so that we can be trusted when we are asked to give testimony or take an oath in court or other situations. It also teaches us that even one person's testimony can be enough for justice to be served if it is reliable and trustworthy.

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