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Sunan Abi Dawud 2275 (Book 13, Hadith 101) #22566
Attributing Children According to Bed of Birth

SUMMARY: This hadith is about a man who married a Roman slave-girl and she gave birth to three children, two of which were black like him and the third was red. Uthman then decided that the child should be attributed to the one on whose bed it was born.

Rabah said: My people married me to a Roman slave-girl of theirs. I had intercourse with her, and she gave birth to a black (male) child like me. I named it Abdullah. I again had intercourse with her, and she gave birth to a black (male) child like me. I named it Ubaydullah. Then a Roman slave of my people, called Yuhannah, incited her, and spoke to her in his own unintelligible language. She gave birth to a son like a chameleon (red). I asked her: What is this? She replied: This belongs to Yuhannah. We then brought the case to Uthman (for a decision). I think Mahdi said these words. He inquired from both of them, and they acknowledged (the facts). He then said to them: Do you agree that I take the decision about you, which the Messenger of Allah had taken? The Messenger of Allah decided that the child was to attributed to the one on whose bed it was born. And I think he said: He flogged her and flogged him, for they were slaves.
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَهْدِيُّ بْنُ مَيْمُونٍ أَبُو يَحْيَى، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي يَعْقُوبَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، مَوْلَى الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ - رضى الله عنه - عَنْ رَبَاحٍ، قَالَ زَوَّجَنِي أَهْلِي أَمَةً لَهُمْ رُومِيَّةً فَوَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَوَلَدَتْ غُلاَمًا أَسْوَدَ مِثْلِي فَسَمَّيْتُهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ وَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَوَلَدَتْ غُلاَمًا أَسْوَدَ مِثْلِي فَسَمَّيْتُهُ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ طَبَنَ لَهَا غُلاَمٌ لأَهْلِي رُومِيٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ يُوحَنَّهْ فَرَاطَنَهَا بِلِسَانِهِ فَوَلَدَتْ غُلاَمًا كَأَنَّهُ وَزَغَةٌ مِنَ الْوَزَغَاتِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا مَا هَذَا فَقَالَتْ هَذَا لِيُوحَنَّهْ ‏.‏ فَرَفَعْنَا إِلَى عُثْمَانَ أَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ مَهْدِيٌّ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا فَاعْتَرَفَا فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَتَرْضَيَانِ أَنْ أَقْضِيَ بَيْنَكُمَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَضَى أَنَّ الْوَلَدَ لِلْفِرَاشِ ‏.‏ وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ فَجَلَدَهَا وَجَلَدَهُ وَكَانَا مَمْلُوكَيْنِ

TOPICS
bed  *  child  *  decision  *  flog  *  makan  *  walad  *  hukm  *  daraa  *  jariyah  *  slavegirl

QUICK LESSONS:
Take responsibility for your actions .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a man named Rabah who married a Roman slave-girl from his people. She gave birth to three children, two of which were black like him and the third was red. He asked her what this meant, and she said it belonged to Yuhannah, another Roman slave from his people. They brought this case before Uthman for decision making, where Mahdi said that the Messenger of Allah had previously taken such decisions in similar cases; attributing the child to whoever's bed it was born on. Uthman agreed with this decision and flogged both Rabah's wife as well as Yuhannah for being slaves at that time.

This hadith teaches us an important lesson about taking responsibility for our actions; if we do something wrong or make mistakes then we must take responsibility for them instead of trying to pass off blame onto someone else or deny our involvement in any way possible. It also teaches us about justice; even though both parties involved were slaves at that time, they still received fair judgement according to Islamic law without any bias or prejudice towards either party involved in this case.

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