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Sahih al-Bukhari 2289 (Book 38, Hadith 3) #2194
Paying Debts Before Praying Funeral Prayer

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) refused to lead the funeral prayer of a man who was in debt, but when someone offered to pay his debt, he led the prayer.

Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa: Once, while we were sitting in the company of Prophet, a dead man was brought. The Prophet ﷺ was requested to lead the funeral prayer for the deceased. He said, "Is he in debt?" The people replied in the negative. He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No". So, he led his funeral prayer. Another dead man was brought and the people said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! Lead his funeral prayer". The Prophet ﷺ said, "Is he in debt?" They said, "Yes". He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, ''Three Dinars". So, he led the prayer. Then a third dead man was brought and the people said (to the Prophet ﷺ ), Please lead his funeral prayer". He said, "Has he left any wealth?" They said, "No". He asked, "Is he in debt?" They said, ("Yes! He has to pay) three Diners'., He (refused to pray and) said, "Then pray for your (dead) companion". Abu Qatada said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! Lead his funeral prayer, and I will pay his debt". So, he led the prayer.
حَدَّثَنَا الْمَكِّيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الأَكْوَعِ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ، فَقَالُوا صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا لاَ‏.‏ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِجَنَازَةٍ أُخْرَى، فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ قِيلَ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَهَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا ثَلاَثَةَ دَنَانِيرَ‏.‏ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا، ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِالثَّالِثَةِ، فَقَالُوا صَلِّ عَلَيْهَا‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ هَلْ تَرَكَ شَيْئًا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا لاَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَهَلْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا ثَلاَثَةُ دَنَانِيرَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَعَلَىَّ دَيْنُهُ‏.‏ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ‏.‏
TOPICS
funeral  *  debt  *  prayer  *  payment  *  janaza  *  qarz  *  salat  *  tahsil

QUICK LESSONS:
Pay your debts before you pass away so your loved ones can pray for you without worry or burden .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the importance of paying off debts before praying for a deceased person. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was asked to lead the funeral prayer for three different people. For two of them, he asked if they were in debt and if they had left any wealth behind. When it was found that they did not have any debts or wealth, he led their funeral prayers. However, when it came to the third person who had three dinars worth of debt, he refused to lead his funeral prayer until someone offered to pay off his debt. This shows us that paying off our debts is an important part of being a good Muslim and should be done before we pass away so that our loved ones can pray for us without worry or burden.

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