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Sahih Muslim 1081d (Book 13, Hadith 23) #9662
Fasting During Ramadan

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the importance of fasting and breaking fast during the month of Ramadan, and how to calculate it when the new moon is not visible.

Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) made a mention of the new moon and (in this connection) said: Observe fast when you see it (the new moon) and break fast when you see it (the new moon of Shawwal), but when (the actual position of the month is) concealed from you (on account of cloudy sky), then count thirty days.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ، عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنِ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَصُومُوا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا ثَلاَثِينَ

TOPICS
fasting  *  moon  *  calculate  *  siyam  *  hilal  *  shawwal  *  hisab

QUICK LESSONS:
Observe fast when you see it(the new moon). Break your fast when you see it again at the end of Ramadan. Count thirty days if you can't observe or break your fast due to cloudy skies .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of fasting during Ramadan, which is a holy month in Islam. It also explains how to calculate when to start and end fasting if one cannot see the new moon due to cloudy skies. Muslims are encouraged to observe fast when they see the new moon, and break their fast when they see it again at the end of Ramadan. If one cannot see it due to cloudy skies, then they should count thirty days instead. This hadith teaches us that we should be mindful of our religious obligations even if we face difficulties in fulfilling them.

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