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Sahih al-Bukhari 979 (Book 13, Hadith 28) #945
Fulfilling Covenants and Giving Alms

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) recited a verse from the Quran and asked the women if they were fulfilling their covenant. One woman answered yes, and he asked them to give alms.

Al-Hasan bin Muslim told me that Ibn 'Abbas had said, "I joined the Prophet, Abu Bakr, 'Umar and 'Uthman in the 'Id ul Fitr prayers. They used to offer the prayer before the Khutba and then they used to deliver the Khutba afterwards. Once the Prophet I came out (for the 'Id prayer) as if I were just observing him waving to the people to sit down. He, then accompanied by Bilal, came crossing the rows till he reached the women. He recited the following verse: 'O Prophet! When the believing women come to you to take the oath of fealty to you . . . (to the end of the verse) (60:12)'. After finishing the recitation he said, "O ladies! Are you fulfilling your covenant?" None except one woman said, "Yes". Hasan did not know who was that woman. The Prophet said, "Then give alms". Bilal spread his garment and said, "Keep on giving alms. Let my father and mother sacrifice their lives for you (ladies)". So the ladies kept on putting their Fatkhs (big rings) and other kinds of rings in Bilal's garment"'.Abdur-Razaq said, " 'Fatkhs' is a big ring which used to be worn in the (Pre-Islamic) period of ignorance.
قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ الْفِطْرَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعُثْمَانَ ـ رضى الله عنهم ـ يُصَلُّونَهَا قَبْلَ الْخُطْبَةِ، ثُمَّ يُخْطَبُ بَعْدُ، خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ حِينَ يُجْلِسُ بِيَدِهِ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ يَشُقُّهُمْ حَتَّى جَاءَ النِّسَاءَ مَعَهُ بِلاَلٌ فَقَالَ ‏{‏يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ‏}‏ الآيَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْهَا ‏"‏ آنْتُنَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ لَمْ يُجِبْهُ غَيْرُهَا نَعَمْ‏.‏ لاَ يَدْرِي حَسَنٌ مَنْ هِيَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَتَصَدَّقْنَ ‏"‏ فَبَسَطَ بِلاَلٌ ثَوْبَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَلُمَّ لَكُنَّ فِدَاءٌ أَبِي وَأُمِّي، فَيُلْقِينَ الْفَتَخَ وَالْخَوَاتِيمَ فِي ثَوْبِ بِلاَلٍ‏.‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ الْفَتَخُ الْخَوَاتِيمُ الْعِظَامُ كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ‏.‏

TOPICS
covenant  *  alms  *  recitation  *  sacrifice  *  ahd  *  sadaqah  *  tilawah  *  ibadah

QUICK LESSONS:
Fulfill your covenant with Allah SWT , Give charity whenever possible .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about fulfilling covenants and giving alms. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was leading a prayer on Eid ul Fitr when he recited a verse from the Quran asking if the women present were fulfilling their covenant with Allah SWT. One woman answered yes, so he asked them to give alms as an act of charity for Allah SWT's sake. Bilal spread his garment for them to put in rings or other items as donations, showing that even small acts of charity are appreciated by Allah SWT. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive to fulfill our covenants with Allah SWT, no matter how small they may be, as well as giving charity whenever possible in order to gain His pleasure and reward in this life and hereafter.

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