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Sahih al-Bukhari 6051 (Book 78, Hadith 81) #5810
Completing Prayer with Proper Etiquette

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ led the people in prayer and finished it with Taslim, but some of the people thought he had forgotten or shortened the prayer. Dhul-Yadain asked if he had forgotten or shortened it, and the Prophet ﷺ said neither was true. He then got up and offered two more rak'at to complete his prayer.

Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet led us in the Zuhr prayer, offering only two rak'at and then (finished it) with Taslim, and went to a piece of wood in front of the mosque and put his hand over it. Abu Bakr and 'Umar were also present among the people on that day but dared not talk to him (about his unfinished prayer). And the hasty people went away, wondering".Has the prayer been shortened" Among the people there was a man whom the Prophet used to call Dhul-Yadain (the long armed). He said, "O Allah's Prophet! Have you forgotten or has the prayer been shortened?" The Prophet said, "Neither have I forgotten, nor has it been shortened". They (the people) said, "Surely, you have forgotten, O Allah's Messenger !" The Prophet said, Dhul-Yadain has told the truth". So the Prophet got up and offered other two rak'at and finished his prayer with Taslim. Then he said Takbir, performed a prostration of ordinary duration or longer, then he raised his head and said Takbir and performed another prostration of ordinary duration or longer and then raised his head and said Takbir (ie he performed the two prostrations of Sahu, ie, forgetfulness).
حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، صَلَّى بِنَا النَّبِيُّ الظُّهْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ قَامَ إِلَى خَشَبَةٍ فِي مُقَدَّمِ الْمَسْجِدِ، وَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا، وَفِي الْقَوْمِ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، فَهَابَا أَنْ يُكَلِّمَاهُ، وَخَرَجَ سَرَعَانُ النَّاسِ فَقَالُوا قَصُرَتِ الصَّلاَةُ‏.‏ وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ يَدْعُوهُ ذَا الْيَدَيْنِ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ أَنَسِيتَ أَمْ قَصُرَتْ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لَمْ أَنْسَ وَلَمْ تَقْصُرْ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا بَلْ نَسِيتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ صَدَقَ ذُو الْيَدَيْنِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَامَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ، ثُمَّ كَبَّرَ، فَسَجَدَ مِثْلَ سُجُودِهِ أَوْ أَطْوَلَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَكَبَّرَ، ثُمَّ وَضَعَ مِثْلَ سُجُودِهِ أَوْ أَطْوَلَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ وَكَبَّرَ‏.‏

TOPICS
prayer  *  completion  *  etiquette

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect your elders & leaders , Ask questions politely , Make up for mistakes intentionally made during prayers , Strive to complete your prayers according to Islamic teachings .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about completing one's prayers properly according to Islamic etiquette. It is narrated by Abu Huraira that when the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ led a group of people in Zuhr prayer, he only prayed two rak'at instead of four. Some of those present were confused as to whether this meant that he had forgotten or shortened his prayer, but they did not dare ask him directly about it. However, there was a man named Dhul-Yadain who asked him directly if he had forgotten or shortened his prayer and received an affirmative answer from the Prophet ﷺ that neither was true. The Prophet ﷺ then got up and completed his four rak'at of Zuhr prayer with Taslim at its end before performing two prostrations for forgetfulness due to having left out part of his salah unintentionally. This incident teaches us several important lessons about proper etiquette when praying in congregation; firstly, we should not assume anything negative about our leaders without asking them directly; secondly, we should be patient when waiting for an answer from them; thirdly, we should always strive to complete our prayers properly according to Islamic teachings; fourthly, if we do make a mistake while praying unintentionally then we must perform two prostrations for forgetfulness afterwards as taught by this incident involving the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ himself.

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