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Sahih al-Bukhari 5430 (Book 70, Hadith 58) #5204
The Importance of Freeing Slaves

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) teaching about the importance of freeing slaves, and how charity given to a slave is considered alms for them but a present for others.

Narrated Qasim bin Muhammad: Three traditions have been established because of Barirah: 'Aisha intended to buy her and set her free, but Barira's masters said, "Her wala' will be for us"'.Aisha mentioned that to Allah's Messenger who said, "You could accept their condition if you wished, for the wala is for the one who manumits the slave". Barirah was manumitted, then she was given the choice either to stay with her husband or leave him; One day Allah's Messenger entered 'Aisha's house while there was a cooking pot of food boiling on the fire. The Prophet asked for lunch, and he was presented with bread and some extra food from the home-made Udm (eg soup). He asked, "Don't I see meat (being cooked)?" They said, "Yes, O Allah's Apostle! But it is the meat that has been given to Barirah in charity and she has given it to us as a present". He said, "For Barirah it is alms, but for us it is a present".
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، يَقُولُ كَانَ فِي بَرِيرَةَ ثَلاَثُ سُنَنٍ، أَرَادَتْ عَائِشَةُ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَهَا فَتُعْتِقَهَا، فَقَالَ أَهْلُهَا، وَلَنَا الْوَلاَءُ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ لَوْ شِئْتِ شَرَطْتِيهِ لَهُمْ، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ وَأُعْتِقَتْ فَخُيِّرَتْ فِي أَنْ تَقِرَّ تَحْتَ زَوْجِهَا أَوْ تُفَارِقَهُ، وَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَوْمًا بَيْتَ عَائِشَةَ وَعَلَى النَّارِ بُرْمَةٌ تَفُورُ، فَدَعَا بِالْغَدَاءِ فَأُتِيَ بِخُبْزٍ وَأُدْمٍ مِنْ أُدْمِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَلَمْ أَرَ لَحْمًا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَلَكِنَّهُ لَحْمٌ تُصُدِّقَ بِهِ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ، فَأَهْدَتْهُ لَنَا‏.‏ فَقَالَ‏"‏ هُوَ صَدَقَةٌ عَلَيْهَا، وَهَدِيَّةٌ لَنَا

TOPICS
charity  *  alms  *  istiqaq  *  wala  *  udm  *  sadaqa  *  manumission

QUICK LESSONS:
Freeing slaves; Giving charity even when one has little resources; Showing kindness towards those less fortunate than us; Treating everyone equally regardless of social status or wealth .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks to the importance of freeing slaves, as it was narrated by Qasim bin Muhammad. In this hadith, 'Aisha intended to buy Barirah and set her free from slavery. However, her masters said that her wala’ would be for them if she was freed. When 'Aisha mentioned this to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ he said that she could accept their condition if she wished because the wala’ belongs to whoever manumits the slave. Barirah was then manumitted and given the choice whether or not she wanted to stay with her husband or leave him. Later on, Allah's Messenger ﷺ entered 'Aisha's house while there was a cooking pot of food boiling on fire and asked for lunch which included bread and some extra food from home-made udm soup. He asked if there was any meat in it which they replied yes but it was charity given by Barirah as a present. To this he replied that for Barirah it is alms but for them it is a present. This hadith teaches us about how important freeing slaves is in Islam as well as giving charity even when one has little resources themselves like Barirah did with what little she had been given in charity herself .

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