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Sahih al-Bukhari 5131 (Book 67, Hadith 67) #4913
Guardianship of Female Orphans

SUMMARY: Allah forbids guardians from preventing female orphans under their guardianship from marrying.

Narrated 'Aisha: (regarding His Statement): 'They ask your instruction concerning the women. Say: Allah instructs you about them '. (4:127) It is about the female orphan who is under the guardianship of a man with whom she shares her property and he does not want to marry her and dislikes that someone else should marry her, lest he should share the property with him, so he prevents her from marrying. So Allah forbade such a guardian to do so (ie to prevent her from marrying).
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ سَلاَمٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ فِي قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ‏}‏ إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ، قَالَتْ هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حَجْرِ الرَّجُلِ، قَدْ شَرِكَتْهُ فِي مَالِهِ، فَيَرْغَبُ عَنْهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا، وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا غَيْرَهُ، فَيَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهِ، فَيَحْبِسُهَا، فَنَهَاهُمُ اللَّهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ‏.‏

TOPICS
guardianship  *  female  *  orphan  *  marriage  *  property

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect the rights of those in your care; ensure they have access to all their rights without interference or obstruction on your part; protect vulnerable people's interests and welfare; be just and fair when dealing with others' affairs; do not take advantage of those in your care for your own benefit or convenience .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the rights of female orphans who are under the guardianship of a man. The man may not want to marry her and does not want someone else to marry her either, as he would have to share her property with them. Therefore, Allah has forbidden such a guardian from preventing the orphan girl from getting married if she wishes to do so. This hadith teaches us that we should respect the rights of those who are in our care and not take advantage of them for our own benefit or convenience. We should also ensure that they have access to all their rights, including marriage if they wish it so, without any interference or obstruction on our part.

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