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Sahih al-Bukhari 4827 (Book 65, Hadith 349) #4610
Speaking Out Against Unjust Authority

SUMMARY: This hadith is about Marwan trying to make people take an oath of allegiance to Yazid bin Muawiya, and 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakr speaking out against it.

Narrated Yusuf bin Mahak: Marwan had been appointed as the governor of Hijaz by Muawiya. He delivered a sermon and mentioned Yazid bin Muawiya so that the people might take the oath of allegiance to him as the successor of his father (Muawiya). Then 'Abdur Rahman bin Abu Bakr told him something whereupon Marwan ordered that he be arrested. But 'Abdur-Rahman entered 'Aisha's house and they could not arrest him. Marwan said, "It is he ('AbdurRahman) about whom Allah revealed this Verse:-- 'And the one who says to his parents: 'Fie on you! Do you hold out the promise to me.?'" On that, 'Aisha said from behind a screen, "Allah did not reveal anything from the Qur'an about us except what was connected with the declaration of my innocence (of the slander).
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ يُوسُفَ بْنِ مَاهَكَ، قَالَ كَانَ مَرْوَانُ عَلَى الْحِجَازِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ مُعَاوِيَةُ، فَخَطَبَ فَجَعَلَ يَذْكُرُ يَزِيدَ بْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ، لِكَىْ يُبَايِعَ لَهُ بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ شَيْئًا، فَقَالَ خُذُوهُ‏.‏ فَدَخَلَ بَيْتَ عَائِشَةَ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرُوا ‏{‏عَلَيْهِ‏}‏ فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ إِنَّ هَذَا الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ ‏{‏وَالَّذِي قَالَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَكُمَا أَتَعِدَانِنِي‏}‏‏.‏ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِينَا شَيْئًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِلاَّ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ عُذْرِي‏.‏

TOPICS
wad  *  oaths  *  allegiance  *  unjust  *  authority  *  yameen

QUICK LESSONS:
Speak up when you see something wrong or unjust being done by those in authority; Follow your leaders but also question them if necessary; Protect those who are oppressed; Uphold justice and fairness in society .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a man named Marwan who was appointed as the governor of Hijaz by Muawiya. He wanted the people to take an oath of allegiance to Yazid bin Muawiya, his father's successor. However, 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakr spoke out against this and refused to take the oath. Marwan then tried to arrest him but he escaped into 'Aisha's house where they could not get him. In response, Aisha said that Allah revealed a verse in the Quran regarding this situation which was connected with her innocence from slander. The verse she was referring to is "And the one who says to his parents: 'Fie on you! Do you hold out the promise to me?'" This hadith teaches us that we should speak up when we see something unjust or wrong being done by those in authority and not be afraid of any consequences for doing so. It also shows us how important it is for us as Muslims not only follow our leaders but also question them if necessary in order for justice and fairness prevail in society.

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