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Sahih al-Bukhari 4611 (Book 65, Hadith 133) #4394
Fulfilling Oaths to Allah

SUMMARY: The hadith is about a girl whose tooth was broken and her family demanded Qisas (retaliation) for it. However, the Prophet (ﷺ) passed the judgment of Qisas but the people gave up their claim and accepted a compensation instead. Allah's Apostle then said that some of Allah's worshippers are such that if they take an oath, Allah will fulfill it for them.

Narrated Anas (bin Malik): Ar-Rubai (the paternal aunt of Anas bin Malik) broke the incisor tooth of young Ansari girl. Her family demanded the Qisas and they came to the Prophet who passed the judgment of Qisas. Anas bin An-Nadr (the paternal uncle of Anas bin Malik) said, "O Allah's Messenger ! By Allah, her tooth will not be broken". The Prophet said, "O Anas! (The law prescribed in) Allah's Book is Qisas". But the people (ie the relatives of the girl) gave up their claim and accepted a compensation. On that Allah's Apostle said, "Some of Allah's worshippers are such that if they take an oath, Allah will fulfill it for them".
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلاَمٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَزَارِيُّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كَسَرَتِ الرُّبَيِّعُ ـ وَهْىَ عَمَّةُ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ـ ثَنِيَّةَ جَارِيَةٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ، فَطَلَبَ الْقَوْمُ الْقِصَاصَ، فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ فَأَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ بِالْقِصَاصِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ عَمُّ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ تُكْسَرْ سِنُّهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ يَا أَنَسُ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ الْقِصَاصُ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَرَضِيَ الْقَوْمُ وَقَبِلُوا الأَرْشَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ

TOPICS
oath  *  compensation  *  retaliation  *  worshippers  *  yamin  *  tashghil  *  qisas  *  ibadah

QUICK LESSONS:
Keep your word/promise/oath ; Be mindful & sincere while making promises before God ; Be trustworthy & just ; Fulfill your obligations with sincerity towards God alone .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith talks about how one should keep their oaths to Allah. It is narrated by Anas bin Malik and his paternal uncle, Anas bin An-Nadr. The story revolves around a young Ansari girl whose incisor tooth was broken by Ar-Rubai, her paternal aunt. Her family demanded Qisas or retaliation for this act but eventually gave up their claim and accepted a compensation instead. Upon this, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said that some of Allah’s worshippers are such that if they take an oath, He will fulfill it for them as He knows best what is in our hearts when we make these promises to Him. This hadith teaches us to be mindful of our words when making promises or taking oaths before God as He will hold us accountable for them no matter what happens in between making those promises or taking those oaths until we fulfill them completely with sincerity in our hearts towards Him alone.

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