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Sahih al-Bukhari 4207 (Book 64, Hadith 247) #4021
Judging by Appearances

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) warned that a person's outward actions may not reflect their true nature, and that one should not judge a person based on their deeds.

Narrated Sahl: During one of his ghazwah ( Battle ), the Prophet ﷺ encountered the pagans, and the two armies fought, and then each of them returned to their army camps. Amongst the (army of the) Muslims there was a man who would follow every pagan separated from the army and strike him with his sword. It was said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! None has fought so satisfactorily as so-and-so (namely, that brave Muslim)".The Prophet said, "He is from the dwellers of the Hell-Fire". The people said, "Who amongst us will be of the dwellers of Paradise if this (man) is from the dwellers of the Hell-Fire?" Then a man from amongst the people said, "I will follow him and accompany him in his fast and slow movements". The (brave) man got wounded, and wanting to die at once, he put the handle of his sword on the ground and its tip in between his breasts, and then threw himself over it, committing suicide. Then the man (who had watched the deceased) returned to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "I testify that you are Apostle of Allah". The Prophet ﷺ said, "What is this?" The man told him the whole story. The Prophet ﷺ said, "A man may do what may seem to the people as the deeds of the dwellers of Paradise, but he is of the dwellers of the Hell-Fire and a man may do what may seem to the people as the deeds of the dwellers of the Hell-Fire, but he is from the dwellers of Paradise".
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ سَهْلٍ، قَالَ الْتَقَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فِي بَعْضِ مَغَازِيهِ فَاقْتَتَلُوا، فَمَالَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ إِلَى عَسْكَرِهِمْ، وَفِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ رَجُلٌ لاَ يَدَعُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ شَاذَّةً وَلاَ فَاذَّةً إِلاَّ اتَّبَعَهَا فَضَرَبَهَا بِسَيْفِهِ، فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَجْزَأَ أَحَدُهُمْ مَا أَجْزَأَ فُلاَنٌ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالُوا أَيُّنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ لأَتَّبِعَنَّهُ، فَإِذَا أَسْرَعَ وَأَبْطَأَ كُنْتُ مَعَهُ‏.‏ حَتَّى جُرِحَ فَاسْتَعْجَلَ الْمَوْتَ، فَوَضَعَ نِصَابَ سَيْفِهِ بِالأَرْضِ، وَذُبَابَهُ بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيْهِ، ثُمَّ تَحَامَلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ، فَجَاءَ الرَّجُلُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ وَمَا ذَاكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَأَخْبَرَهُ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، فِيمَا يَبْدُو لِلنَّاسِ، وَإِنَّهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، وَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، فِيمَا يَبْدُو لِلنَّاسِ وَهْوَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ
TOPICS
judging  *  actions  *  nature  *  deeds  *  ghazwah  *  tasdeeq  *  afaal  *  tabiyyah  *  amaal

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive to do good deeds with sincerity and humility so that Allah will accept us into Paradise

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the importance of not judging people based on their outward actions. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was leading an army in battle when he noticed a man who was fighting bravely against the enemy. People praised him for his courage, but the Prophet ﷺ said that this man would be from the dwellers of Hellfire. This shocked everyone, as they thought if this brave man was going to Hell then who could be saved? The Prophet ﷺ explained that it is possible for someone to do good deeds which appear to be from those of Paradise, but in reality they are from those of Hellfire and vice versa. Therefore, we should never judge someone based on what we see them doing or how they act because only Allah knows what is truly in our hearts and minds. We must always strive to do good deeds with sincerity and humility so that Allah will accept us into Paradise.

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