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(Book 36, Hadith 41) #36512
The Validity of Gifts

SUMMARY: Gifts should be given to the intended recipient and not kept back, otherwise it will be invalid and will belong to the heirs in general.

Malik related to me from Ibn Shihab from Urwa ibn az-Zubayr from Abd ar-Rahman ibn Abd al-Qari that Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "What is wrong with men who give their sons gifts and then keep them and if the son dies, they say, 'My property is in my possession and I did not give it to anyone'. But if they themselves are dying, they say, 'It belongs to my son, I gave it to him'. Whoever gives a gift, and does not hand it over to the one to whom it was given, the gift is invalid, and if he dies it belongs to the heirs in general".
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدٍ الْقَارِيِّ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، قَالَ مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَنْحَلُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ نُحْلاً ثُمَّ يُمْسِكُونَهَا فَإِنْ مَاتَ ابْنُ أَحَدِهِمْ قَالَ مَالِي بِيَدِي لَمْ أُعْطِهِ أَحَدًا ‏.‏ وَإِنْ مَاتَ هُوَ قَالَ هُوَ لاِبْنِي قَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْطَيْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ ‏.‏ مَنْ نَحَلَ نِحْلَةً فَلَمْ يَحُزْهَا الَّذِي نُحِلَهَا - حَتَّى يَكُونَ إِنْ مَاتَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ - فَهِيَ بَاطِلٌ

TOPICS
gift  *  invalid  *  heirs  *  general  *  hibah  *  batil  *  auliya  *  umumi

QUICK LESSONS:
Give away your gifts as intended without keeping them back .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the validity of gifts. Umar ibn al-Khattab said that if someone gives a gift but does not hand it over to the one it was intended for then it is invalid and belongs to their heirs in general. This means that if someone gives a gift but keeps it for themselves or dies before handing it over then they cannot claim ownership of that gift anymore as they have not fulfilled their obligation of giving away what was meant for another person. It is important to remember this when giving gifts so that we can ensure our intentions are fulfilled properly and our gifts are given away as intended.

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