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(Book 36, Hadith 18) #36489
Justice in Cases of Murder

SUMMARY: A Syrian man killed another man and his wife, and Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan asked Ali ibn Abi Talib for advice. Ali said that the killer must be handed over to the relatives of the murdered man unless he can provide four witnesses.

Malik related to me from Yahya ibn Said from Said ibn al-Musayyab that a Syrian man called Ibn Khaybari found a man with his wife and killed him, or killed them both. Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan found it difficult to make a decision and he wrote to Abu Musa al-Ashari to ask Ali ibn Abi Talib for him about that. So Abu Musa asked Ali ibn Abi Talib and AIi said to him, "Is this thing in my land? I adjure you, you must tell me". Abu Musa explained to him how Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan had written him to ask Ali about it. Ali said, "I am Abu Hasan. If he does not bring four witnesses, then let him be completely handed over," (to the relatives of the murdered man).
وَحَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ - يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ خَيْبَرِيٍّ - وَجَدَ مَعَ امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلاً فَقَتَلَهُ أَوْ قَتَلَهُمَا مَعًا فَأَشْكَلَ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ الْقَضَاءُ فِيهِ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِيِّ يَسْأَلُ لَهُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَسَأَلَ أَبُو مُوسَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ إِنَّ هَذَا الشَّىْءَ مَا هُوَ بِأَرْضِي عَزَمْتُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُخْبِرَنِّي ‏.‏ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو مُوسَى كَتَبَ إِلَىَّ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَنَا أَبُو حَسَنٍ إِنْ لَمْ يَأْتِ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ فَلْيُعْطَ بِرُمَّتِهِ

TOPICS
justice  *  murder  *  witnesses  *  over  *  adl  *  qatl  *  shuhada  *  ittasala

QUICK LESSONS:
Seek justice when a crime has been committed; Respect truthfulness; Be accountable for your actions; Follow Islamic law regarding murder cases; Respect court decisions regarding murder cases; Follow Islamic teachings regarding justice and fairness .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about justice in cases of murder. It teaches us that if someone is accused of killing another person, they must be handed over to the relatives of the murdered person unless they can provide four witnesses who can testify on their behalf. This hadith also emphasizes how important it is for people to seek justice when a crime has been committed, as Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan wrote to Ali ibn Abi Talib for advice on what should be done in this case. Furthermore, it shows us how seriously Ali took this matter by adjuring Abu Musa al-Ashari to tell him all he knew about it before giving his opinion on what should happen next. The values taught by this hadith are justice, truthfulness and accountability.

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