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(Book 21, Hadith 16) #36043
Division of Spoils in Military Expeditions

SUMMARY: The hadith explains the division of spoils among those who are present in military expeditions and how a camel is equal to ten sheep.

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that he heard Said ibn al-Musayyab say, "When people in military expeditions divided the spoils, they made a camel equal to ten sheep". Malik said about the paid labourer in military expeditions, "If he is present at the battle and is with the people in the battle and he is a free man, he has his share. If he is not present, he has no share". Malik summed up, "I think that the booty is only divided among free men who have been present at the battle".
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيَّبِ، يَقُولُ كَانَ النَّاسُ فِي الْغَزْوِ إِذَا اقْتَسَمُوا غَنَائِمَهُمْ يَعْدِلُونَ الْبَعِيرَ بِعَشْرِ شِيَاهٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الأَجِيرِ فِي الْغَزْوِ إِنَّهُ إِنْ كَانَ شَهِدَ الْقِتَالَ وَكَانَ مَعَ النَّاسِ عِنْدَ الْقِتَالِ وَكَانَ حُرًّا فَلَهُ سَهْمُهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَلاَ سَهْمَ لَهُ وَأَرَى أَنْ لاَ يُقْسَمَ إِلاَّ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ الْقِتَالَ مِنَ الأَحْرَارِ

TOPICS
spoils  *  military  *  expedition  *  division  *  malaa  *  jundi  *  sariya  *  taksir

QUICK LESSONS:
Participate actively in military expeditions for rewards/benefits etc., be fair while dividing spoils among participants etc., be just while distributing rewards/benefits etc., give due respect to all participants regardless of status etc., follow rules and regulations while dividing booty/spoils etc..

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the division of spoils among those who are present in military expeditions. It states that when people divide the spoils they make a camel equal to ten sheep. Malik also said that if a paid labourer is present at the battle and is with the people in battle then he has his share but if he is not present then he has no share. This implies that only free men who have been present at the battle can have their share from booty or spoils.

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