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Musnad Ahmad 1183 (Book 5, Hadith 593) #34819
Mercy for the Insane

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught that the insane should not be punished as they are not responsible for their actions.

It was narrated from Al-Hasan that 'Umar bin Al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه) wanted to stone an insane woman, but 'Ali said to him: You do not have the right to do that. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah say: "The Pen has been lifted from three: from the sleeper until he wakes up, from the child until he reaches adolescence, and from the insane person until he recovers, or comes to his senses'. So 'Umar (رضي الله عنه) pardoned her.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْجُمَ، مَجْنُونَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ مَا لَكَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ عَنْ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ وَعَنْ الطِّفْلِ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَعَنْ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يَبْرَأَ أَوْ يَعْقِلَ فَأَدْرَأَ عَنْهَا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ‏.‏

TOPICS
insanity  *  pen  *  adolescence  *  sleep  *  pardon  *  junoon  *  allah  *  ali  *  hasan  *  khattab

QUICK LESSONS:
Show mercy towards those who cannot help themselves due to mental illness or other factors such as age or sleepiness.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us about mercy and compassion towards those who are unable to control their actions due to mental illness. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said that the pen is lifted from three people - those who are asleep, children, and the insane. This means that these people cannot be held accountable for their actions because they do not have full control over them. In this case, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab wanted to stone an insane woman but was reminded of this teaching by 'Ali and pardoned her instead. This hadith teaches us to show mercy towards those who cannot help themselves due to mental illness or other factors such as age or sleepiness.

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