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Musnad Ahmad 1091 (Book 5, Hadith 508) #34734
Paying Debts Before Bequests

SUMMARY: The Prophet (PBUH) ruled that debts must be paid before carrying out bequests, and brothers from the same mother and father inherit from one another, but brothers from different mothers do not.

It was narrated that 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) said: The Prophet ruled that debts must be paid before carrying out bequests, and you recite the words, "after payment of legacies he (or she) may have bequeathed or debts" an-Nisa' 4:12. Brothers from the same mother and father inherit from one another, but brothers from different mothers do not.
حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ قَضَى النَّبِيُّ بِالدَّيْنِ قَبْلَ الْوَصِيَّةِ وَأَنْتُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ ‏{‏مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَى بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ‏}‏ وَإِنَّ أَعْيَانَ بَنِي الْأُمِّ يَتَوَارَثُونَ دُونَ بَنِي الْعَلَّاتِ‏.‏

TOPICS
debt  *  bequest  *  inheritance  *  mother

QUICK LESSONS:
Pay off your debts before carrying out any bequests

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of paying off debts before carrying out any bequests. It also explains that brothers who have the same mother and father will inherit from each other, but those who have different mothers will not. This is an important teaching as it shows us how to prioritize our financial obligations in life. We should always pay off our debts first before we can think about giving away money or possessions to others through a bequest. Additionally, this hadith teaches us about inheritance laws in Islam which states that only those with the same mother can inherit from each other while those with different mothers cannot.

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