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Musnad Ahmad 771 (Book 5, Hadith 203) #34429
Asking Forgiveness for Mushrikeen Relatives

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the Prophet (PBUH) explaining that it is not permissible to ask Allah for forgiveness for those who have died as Mushrikeen, even if they are related.

It was narrated that 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) said: I heard a man praying for forgiveness for his parents, who were mushrikeen. I said: Would a man pray for forgiveness for his parents when they are mushrikeen? He said: Didn't Ibrahim (عليه السلام) pray for forgiveness for his father? I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and the words 'It is not proper for the Prophet and those who believe to ask Allah's forgiveness for the Mushrikoon, even though they be of kin, after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of the Fire (because they died in a state of disbelief). And Ibrahim's (Abraham) (عليه السلام) invoking (of Allah) for his father's forgiveness was only because of a promise he Ibrahim (Abraham had made to him (his father). But when it became clear to him that he (his father) is an enemy of Allah, he dissociated himself from him" At- Tawbah 9:113-114 were revealed. He the Prophet ﷺ said: 'That was when he died'.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا، يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِأَبَوَيْهِ وَهُمَا مُشْرِكَانِ فَقُلْتُ أَيَسْتَغْفِرُ الرَّجُلُ لِأَبَوَيْهِ وَهُمَا مُشْرِكَانِ فَقَالَ أَوَلَمْ يَسْتَغْفِرْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لِأَبِيهِ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَنَزَلَتْ ‏{‏مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ‏}‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ‏}‏ قَالَ لَمَّا مَاتَ فَلَا أَدْرِي قَالَهُ سُفْيَانُ أَوْ قَالَهُ إِسْرَائِيلُ أَوْ هُوَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ لَمَّا مَاتَ‏.‏
TOPICS
prayer  *  forgiveness  *  unbelievers  *  abraham  *  fire  *  salat  *  afw  *  kafirun  *  ibrahim  *  nar

QUICK LESSONS:
Pray five times a day and keep promises made .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of faith and how it should be prioritized over familial ties. It was narrated by 'Ali ibn Abi Talib that he heard a man praying for forgiveness of his parents, who were mushrikeen or unbelievers. He asked if this was permissible and was told about Ibrahim's prayer for his father's forgiveness before he died in a state of disbelief. The Prophet then explained that this was only because Ibrahim had promised his father he would do so before it became clear to him that his father was an enemy of Allah. The verse from At-Tawbah [9:113-114] which states "It is not proper for the Prophet and those who believe to ask Allah's forgiveness for the Mushrikoon, even though they be of kin" further clarifies this point.

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