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Musnad Ahmad 344 (Book 2, Hadith 250) #34025
The Battle of Yarmouk & Encouragement from Abu 'Ubaidah

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the battle of Yarmouk and how Abu 'Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah, Yazeed bin Abi Sufyan, Ibn Hasanah, Khalid bin al-Waleed and 'Iyad were the five commanders. It also talks about how Abu 'Ubaidah encouraged his troops to fight without reinforcements and they won. Lastly it talks about a horse race between Abu 'Ubaidah and a young man.

It was narrated that Simak said: I heard 'Iyad al-Ash'ari say: i was present at al-Yarmouk and we had five commanders over us: Abu 'Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah, Yazeed bin Abi Sufyan, Ibn Hasanah, Khalid bin al-Waleed and 'Iyad - and this 'Iyad was not the one who narrated reports to Simak. - 'Umar (رضي الله عنه) said: If fighting occurs, then your commander is Abu 'Ubaidah. So we wrote to him, saying: We are facing death; and we asked him for reinforcements. He wrote to us, saying: I have received your letter asking for reinforcements and I can tell you about who has the greatest support and the most ready troops. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, ask Him for support, for Muhammad was caused to prevail on the day of Badr with fewer than your numbers. When this letter of mine reaches you, fight them without referring back to me. So we fought them, and we defeated them, pursuing and killing them for four parasangs, and we acquired wealth (booty). They discussed the issue (of booty) and 'Iyad suggested to us that we should give ten for every head. And Abu ʼUbaidah said: Who will compete with me (in a horse race)? A young man said: I will, if you don't get angry. Then he beat him, and I saw the two braids of Abu 'Ubaidah flying as he raced behind him on an Arabian horse.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عِيَاضًا الْأَشْعَرِيَّ، قَالَ شَهِدْتُ الْيَرْمُوكَ وَعَلَيْنَا خَمْسَةُ أُمَرَاءَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَابْنُ حَسَنَةَ وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَعِيَاضٌ وَلَيْسَ عِيَاضٌ هَذَا بِالَّذِي حَدَّثَ سِمَاكًا قَالَ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِذَا كَانَ قِتَالٌ فَعَلَيْكُمْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ فَكَتَبْنَا إِلَيْهِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاشَ إِلَيْنَا الْمَوْتُ وَاسْتَمْدَدْنَاهُ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْنَا إِنَّهُ قَدْ جَاءَنِي كِتَابُكُمْ تَسْتَمِدُّونِي وَإِنِّي أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَعَزُّ نَصْرًا وَأَحْضَرُ جُنْدًا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَاسْتَنْصِرُوهُ فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ نُصِرَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ عِدَّتِكُمْ فَإِذَا أَتَاكُمْ كِتَابِي هَذَا فَقَاتِلُوهُمْ وَلَا تُرَاجِعُونِي قَالَ فَقَاتَلْنَاهُمْ فَهَزَمْنَاهُمْ وَقَتَلْنَاهُمْ أَرْبَعَ فَرَاسِخَ قَالَ وَأَصَبْنَا أَمْوَالًا فَتَشَاوَرُوا فَأَشَارَ عَلَيْنَا عِيَاضٌ أَنْ نُعْطِيَ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ عَشْرَةً قَالَ وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ مَنْ يُرَاهِنِّي فَقَالَ شَابٌّ أَنَا إِنْ لَمْ تَغْضَبْ قَالَ فَسَبَقَهُ فَرَأَيْتُ عَقِيصَتَيْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ تَنْقُزَانِ وَهُوَ خَلْفَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ عَرَبِيٍّ‏.‏

TOPICS
battle  *  yarmouk  *  abuubaidah

QUICK LESSONS:
Have faith in Allah's power even when outnumbered or facing death; Show courage through leadership & example through action; Give ten for every head as booty if possible; Compete fairly even if you are older than your opponent .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the battle of Yarmouk which took place in 636 AD during the Muslim conquest of Syria under Caliph Umar ibn Al Khattab's rule. Five commanders were appointed to lead this battle; namely, Abu Ubaida Bin Al Jarrah, Yazeed Bin Abi Sufyan, Ibn Hasanah, Khalid Bin Al Waleed and Iyad who was not the one who narrated reports to Simak. Umar instructed them that if fighting occurs then their commander should be Abu Ubaida so they wrote him asking for reinforcements but he told them that Allah has more support than their numbers so they should fight without referring back to him which they did and won with great success by killing many enemies for four parasangs while acquiring wealth as booty. During this time Iyad suggested that ten should be given for every head as booty while there was also a horse race between Abu Ubaida and a young man where he beat him with his two braids flying behind him on an Arabian horse. This hadith teaches us that we must have faith in Allah's power even when we are outnumbered or facing death because He will always provide us with support if we ask Him sincerely while also teaching us courage through leadership like what was shown by Umar ibn Al Khattab's instructions as well as by example through actions like what was done by Abu Ubaida during his horse race against a young man despite being older than him in age.

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