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Sunan Ibn Majah 2738 (Book 23, Hadith 20) #32092
Inheritance Rights in Islam

SUMMARY: The Prophet (PBUH) taught that if a person dies leaving behind wealth, it is for his heirs. If he leaves behind poor dependents and a debt, it is for Allah and His Messenger to take care of. The maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir.

It was narrated from Miqdam Abu Karimah, a man from Sham who was one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah , that the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever leaves behind wealth, it is for his heirs. Whoever leaves behind poor dependents and a debt, it is for us to take care of – or he said: 'It is for Allah and His Messenger (to take care of) – I am the heir of the one who has no heir, I will pay the blood money on his behalf and inherit from him. And the maternal uncle is the heir of the one who has no heir, he pays blood money on his behalf and inherits from him".
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا شَبَابَةُ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنِي بُدَيْلُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ الْعُقَيْلِيُّ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ رَاشِدِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْهَوْزَنِيِّ، عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ أَبِي كَرِيمَةَ، - رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ - قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ مَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ كَلاًّ فَإِلَيْنَا - وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ فَإِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ - وَأَنَا وَارِثُ مَنْ لاَ وَارِثَ لَهُ أَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَأَرِثُهُ وَالْخَالُ وَارِثُ مَنْ لاَ وَارِثَ لَهُ يَعْقِلُ عَنْهُ وَيَرِثُهُ

TOPICS
inheritance  *  wealth  *  heirs  *  dependents  *  debt  *  almirath  *  maal  *  alwirasat  *  masakeen  *  qarz

QUICK LESSONS:
Take responsibility towards others; Help those in need; Pay blood money & debts; Take care of orphans & widows .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains inheritance rights in Islam according to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. It teaches us that if someone passes away leaving behind wealth, it should be given to their heirs as an inheritance. However, if they leave behind poor dependents or debts then these should be taken care of by Allah and His Messenger ﷺ. In cases where there are no heirs present then the maternal uncle will become responsible for paying any blood money or debts left by them and will also inherit from them as well. This hadith emphasizes on taking responsibility for those who are less fortunate than us and encourages us to help those in need even after we have passed away from this world through our wills or other means available to us.

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