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Sunan Ibn Majah 2181 (Book 12, Hadith 45) #31533
The Binding Nature of Transactions

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that when two people enter into a transaction, either of them can annul it as long as they are still together. Once one of them has accepted the terms of the other, then the transaction is binding and cannot be rescinded.

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah said: "When two men enter into a transaction, each of them has the choice (of annulling it) so long as they have not yet parted and are still together, or one of them has given the option or choice to the other. Once he has accepted the terms of the other, then the transaction is binding. If they part after concluding the transaction and neither of them has rescinded the transaction then the transaction is binding".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رُمْحٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ، أَنْبَأَنَا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ ـ قَالَ ‏ "‏ إِذَا تَبَايَعَ الرَّجُلاَنِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا وَكَانَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ يُخَيِّرْ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ فَإِنْ خَيَّرَ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ فَتَبَايَعَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ ‏.‏ وَإِنْ تَفَرَّقَا بَعْدَ أَنْ تَبَايَعَا وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيْعَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ

TOPICS
transaction  *  choice  *  annulment  *  binding

QUICK LESSONS:
Take care to ensure all parties involved in a transactions understand its terms before agreeing to it; Be honest and responsible for agreements made; Respect others' choices even if you disagree with them; Honor your commitments once you have agreed upon them with another person or group.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains an important principle in Islamic law regarding transactions between two people. It states that when two people enter into a transaction, either one can choose to annul it so long as they are still together and have not yet parted. However, once one person has accepted the terms of the other and they part after concluding the transaction, then it is binding and cannot be rescinded by either party. This teaches us that we should take care to ensure that all parties involved in a transaction understand its terms before agreeing to it so there is no confusion or misunderstanding later on. Furthermore, this hadith also emphasizes how important honesty and integrity are in business dealings; if someone agrees to something but later changes their mind without informing their partner beforehand, then this would be considered dishonest behavior which goes against Islamic teachings.

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