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Sunan Ibn Majah 2127 (Book 11, Hadith 38) #31479
The Consequences of Unspecified Vows

SUMMARY: Making a vow without specifying it has the same consequences as breaking an oath.

It was narrated from 'Uqbah bin 'Amit Al-Juhani that the Messenger of Allah said: "Whoever makes a vow and does not state it specifically, the expiation (for such a vow) is the expiation for breaking an oath".
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ، عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ ـ ‏ "‏ مَنْ نَذَرَ نَذْرًا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّهِ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ كَفَّارَةُ يَمِينٍ

TOPICS
vow  *  expiation  *  oath

QUICK LESSONS:
Be careful with your words and be specific when making promises or vows to Allah
EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the consequences of making a vow without specifying it. A vow is when someone promises to do something for Allah, and if they don't fulfill that promise, they must pay expiation for it. An oath is when someone swears by Allah that they will do something or not do something, and if they break their oath, then they must pay expiation for it. This hadith tells us that making a vow without specifying what you are vowing has the same consequences as breaking an oath - you must pay expiation for it. This teaches us to be careful with our words and make sure we are specific when we make promises or vows to Allah so that we can avoid having to pay expiation later on.

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