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Sahih al-Bukhari 3189 (Book 58, Hadith 30) #3047
Declaring Mecca a Sanctuary

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) declared Mecca a sanctuary and prohibited the cutting of its thorny bushes, chasing of its game, picking up of its fallen property except by one who will announce it publicly, and uprooting of its grass except for Idhkhir.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: Allah's Messenger ﷺ said on the day of the conquest of Mecca, "There is no migration now, but there is Jihad (ie. holy battle) and good intentions. And when you are called for Jihad, you should come out at once" Allah's Messenger ﷺ also said, on the day of the conquest of Mecca, "Allah has made this town a sanctuary since the day He created the Heavens and the Earth. So, it is a sanctuary by Allah's Decree till the Day of Resurrection. Fighting in it was not legal for anyone before me, and it was made legal for me only for an hour by daytime. So, it (ie Mecca) is a sanctuary by Allah's Decree till the Day of Resurrection. Its thorny bushes should not be cut, and its game should not be chased, its fallen property (ie Luqata) should not be picked up except by one who will announce it publicly; and its grass should not be uprooted," On that Al-'Abbas said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! Except the Idhkhir, because it is used by the goldsmiths and by the people for their houses". On that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Except the Idhkhir".
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ طَاوُسٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ ‏"‏ لاَ هِجْرَةَ وَلَكِنْ جِهَادٌ وَنِيَّةٌ، وَإِذَا اسْتُنْفِرْتُمْ فَانْفِرُوا ‏"‏‏.‏ وَقَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ هَذَا الْبَلَدَ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ، فَهْوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَحِلَّ الْقِتَالُ فِيهِ لأَحَدٍ قَبْلِي، وَلَمْ يَحِلَّ لِي إِلاَّ سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ، فَهْوَ حَرَامٌ بِحُرْمَةِ اللَّهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، لاَ يُعْضَدُ شَوْكُهُ، وَلاَ يُنَفَّرُ صَيْدُهُ، وَلاَ يَلْتَقِطُ لُقَطَتَهُ إِلاَّ مَنْ عَرَّفَهَا، وَلاَ يُخْتَلَى خَلاَهُ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ الإِذْخِرَ، فَإِنَّهُ لِقَيْنِهِمْ وَلِبُيُوتِهِمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِلاَّ الإِذْخِرَ
TOPICS
mecca  *  sanctuary  *  jihad  *  prophetmuhammad  *  makkah  *  haram  *  jihaad

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect nature; Protect environment; Do not take advantage from others’ misfortune without permission; Preserve sanctity/protection/preservation .

EXPLANATIONS:
On the day of the conquest of Mecca, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ declared it a sanctuary. He said that no one should cut down any thorny bushes or chase any game in it. He also said that no one should pick up any fallen property unless they announce it publicly. The only exception to this was Idhkhir which could be used by goldsmiths and people for their houses. This hadith teaches us to respect nature and not to take advantage of others’ misfortune without permission. It also shows us how important it is to protect our environment from destruction as Allah has made this town a sanctuary since the day He created Heavens and Earth until the Day of Resurrection.

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