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Jami at-Tirmidhi 1561 (Book 21, Hadith 19) #27167
Giving Nafl from Khumus

SUMMARY: The Prophet (PBUH) took his sword Dhul-Fiqar on the Day of Badr and gave Nafl from the Khumus according to his discretion.

Another chain from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet ﷺ took his sword Dhul-Fiqar on the Day of Badr, and it is the one that he saw in the dream on the Day of Uhud. This Hadith is Hasan Gharib. We only know it from this route through the report of Ibn Abi Az-Zinad. The people of knowledge differ over giving the Nafl from the Khumus. Malik bin Anas said: "It has not reached me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the Nafl during every expedition, but it has been conveyed to me that he gave the Nafl in some of them. That is according to the discretion of the Imam during the beginning of the division of the spoils or the end of it". Ibn Mansur said: "I said to Ahmad: 'The Prophet ﷺ gave the Nafl when he divided the fourth, after the Khumus, and when he was returning (he gave) the third from the Khumus'. So he said: 'The Khumus is taken, and then the Nafl is given from what remains, nothing beyond this'.'" Abu 'Eisa said: This Hadith is (understood) as Ibn Musayyab said: "The Nafl is from te Khumus". Ishaq said as he said.
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَنَفَّلَ سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَأَى فِيهِ الرُّؤْيَا يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ إِنَّمَا نَعْرِفُهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ ‏.‏ وَقَدِ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِي النَّفَلِ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ لَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَفَّلَ فِي مَغَازِيهِ كُلِّهَا وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ نَفَّلَ فِي بَعْضِهَا وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ عَلَى وَجْهِ الاِجْتِهَادِ مِنَ الإِمَامِ فِي أَوَّلِ الْمَغْنَمِ وَآخِرِهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ ابْنُ مَنْصُورٍ قُلْتُ لأَحْمَدَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَفَّلَ إِذَا فَصَلَ بِالرُّبُعِ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ وَإِذَا قَفَلَ بِالثُّلُثِ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ فَقَالَ يُخْرِجُ الْخُمُسَ ثُمَّ يُنَفِّلُ مِمَّا بَقِيَ وَلاَ يُجَاوِزُ هَذَا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَلَى مَا قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ النَّفَلُ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ ‏.‏ قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ كَمَا قَالَ
TOPICS
discretion  *  spoils  *  nafl  *  khumus

QUICK LESSONS:
Give charity generously and kindly when you have something valuable like booty or spoils after a battle or war; use your own judgement for making decisions while being mindful about other people's needs at all times; be generous with your possessions; help those who are in need; share what you have with others; be kind towards others even if they don't deserve it; show mercy towards those who are less fortunate than you etc..

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about giving a donation known as nafl from the fifth part tax known as khumus. It was narrated by Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ took his sword Dhul-Fiqar on the Day of Badr and gave nafl from khumus according to his discretion. Malik bin Anas said that it has not reached him that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ gave nafl during every expedition but it has been conveyed to him that he gave nafl in some of them according to the discretion of Imam during beginning or end division of spoils. According to Ibn Musayyab and Ishaq, nafl is taken from khumus itself. This hadith teaches us about generosity and kindness towards others even when we are in possession of something valuable like booty or spoils after a battle or war. It also teaches us about using our own judgement for making decisions while being mindful about other people's needs at all times.

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