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Jami at-Tirmidhi 1219 (Book 14, Hadith 18) #26791
Freeing Slaves After Death

SUMMARY: A man from the Ansar wanted to free a slave of his after his death, but he died without leaving any wealth behind. The Prophet ﷺ sold the slave and Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah bin An-Nah-ham bought him.

Narrated Jabir: "A man among the Ansar decided to free a slave of his after his death. He died but he left no wealth behind beside the slave. So the Prophet ﷺ sold him and Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah bin An-Nah-ham bought him". Jabir said: "He was Coptic slave who died during the first year of the leadership of Ibn Az-Zubair". Abu 'Eisa said: This Hadith is Hasan Sahih and it has been reported through more than one route from Jabir bin 'Abdullah. This Hadith is acted upon according to some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others. They did not see any harm in the sale of Mudabbar. This is the view of Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad and Ishaq. There are those among people of knowledge, among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ and others, who disliked selling the Mudabbar. This is the view of Sufyan Ath-Thawri, Malik and Al-Awza'i.
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ دَبَّرَ غُلاَمًا لَهُ فَمَاتَ وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ مَالاً غَيْرَهُ فَبَاعَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ النَّحَّامِ ‏.‏ قَالَ جَابِرٌ عَبْدًا قِبْطِيًّا مَاتَ عَامَ الأَوَّلِ فِي إِمَارَةِ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ لَمْ يَرَوْا بِبَيْعِ الْمُدَبَّرِ بَأْسًا ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏ وَكَرِهَ قَوْمٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ بَيْعَ الْمُدَبَّرِ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَمَالِكٍ وَالأَوْزَاعِيِّ
TOPICS
freeing  *  slave  *  sale  *  iftiraaq  *  aabd  *  baya  *  mudabbar  *  ansar

QUICK LESSONS:
Do good deeds even if you don't have much money or resources at your disposal ; Show compassion towards slaves ; Strive for justice in all matters related with slavery .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about freeing slaves after death. A man from the Ansar wanted to free a slave of his after his death, but he died without leaving any wealth behind. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ sold the slave and Nu'aim bin 'Abdullah bin An-Nah-ham bought him. This hadith shows us that freeing slaves is an important act in Islam and it should be done even if one does not have enough money to do so. It also teaches us that we should always strive to do good deeds even if we don't have much money or resources at our disposal as Allah will reward us for our efforts no matter how small they may be. Furthermore, this hadith also shows us that slavery was an accepted practice during the time of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and it was not seen as something wrong or immoral by society at large.

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