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Jami at-Tirmidhi 724 (Book 8, Hadith 43) #26289
Atoning for Wrongdoing During Ramadan

SUMMARY: A man who had sexual relations with his wife during Ramadan was asked to free a slave, fast for two consecutive months or feed sixty needy people as atonement. When he said he could not do any of these, the Prophet gave him a basket of dates to feed his family.

Abu Hurairah narrated that: A man came and said: "O Messenger of Allah; I am ruined!" He said: "What has ruined you?" He said: "I had sexual relations with my wife during Ramadan". He said: "Are you able to free a slave?" He said, "No". He said: "Then are you able to fast for two consecutive months?" He said, "No". He said: "Then are you able to feed sixty needy people?" He said, "No". He said: "Sit". So he sat. A big basket full of dates was brought to the Prophet, and he said: "Give it in charity". So he said: "There is no one needier than us between its two mountains". So the Prophet laughing until his pre-molar teeth appeared, and he said: "Then take it to feed your family".
حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْجَهْضَمِيُّ، وَأَبُو عَمَّارٍ وَالْمَعْنَى وَاحِدٌ وَاللَّفْظُ لَفْظُ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَكْتُ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ وَمَا أَهْلَكَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ هَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُطْعِمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ اجْلِسْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَجَلَسَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ - وَالْعَرَقُ الْمِكْتَلُ الضَّخْمُ قَالَ ‏"‏ تَصَدَّقْ بِهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ مَا بَيْنَ لاَبَتَيْهَا أَحَدٌ أَفْقَرَ مِنَّا ‏.‏ قَالَ فَضَحِكَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ أَنْيَابُهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَخُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ جِمَاعٍ وَأَمَّا مَنْ أَفْطَرَ مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ أَكْلٍ أَوْ شُرْبٍ فَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْعِلْمِ قَدِ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَالْكَفَّارَةُ ‏.‏ وَشَبَّهُوا الأَكْلَ وَالشُّرْبَ بِالْجِمَاعِ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ سُفْيَانَ الثَّوْرِيِّ وَابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَإِسْحَاقَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَلاَ كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ لأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا ذُكِرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْكَفَّارَةُ فِي الْجِمَاعِ وَلَمْ تُذْكَرْ عَنْهُ فِي الأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ ‏.‏ وَقَالُوا لاَ يُشْبِهُ الأَكْلُ وَالشُّرْبُ الْجِمَاعَ ‏.‏ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الشَّافِعِيِّ وَأَحْمَدَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ فَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَيْهِ ‏"‏ خُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ يَحْتَمِلُ هَذَا مَعَانِيَ يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ الْكَفَّارَةُ عَلَى مَنْ قَدَرَ عَلَيْهَا وَهَذَا رَجُلٌ لَمْ يَقْدِرْ عَلَى الْكَفَّارَةِ فَلَمَّا أَعْطَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ شَيْئًا وَمَلَكَهُ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ مَا أَحَدٌ أَفْقَرَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏"‏ خُذْهُ فَأَطْعِمْهُ أَهْلَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ لأَنَّ الْكَفَّارَةَ إِنَّمَا تَكُونُ بَعْدَ الْفَضْلِ عَنْ قُوتِهِ ‏.‏ وَاخْتَارَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لِمَنْ كَانَ عَلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا الْحَالِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَهُ وَتَكُونَ الْكَفَّارَةُ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنًا فَمَتَى مَا مَلَكَ يَوْمًا مَا كَفَّرَ
TOPICS
fasting  *  charity  *  atonement  *  ramadan  *  sawm  *  tawil  *  sadaqah

QUICK LESSONS:
Do good deeds; Help those in need; Make up for wrongdoings/sins through charitable acts

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about atoning for wrongdoing during the holy month of Ramadan. It tells us that if someone commits a sin during this month, they should try to make up for it by freeing a slave, fasting two consecutive months or feeding sixty needy people. If they are unable to do any of these things then they should give charity in whatever way possible. In this case, the Prophet gave the man a basket full of dates which he could use to feed his family. This teaches us that even small acts of charity can be beneficial and can help us make up for our wrongdoings and sins. It also shows us that we should always strive to do good deeds and help those in need whenever we can as it will bring blessings upon ourselves and our families.

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