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Sahih al-Bukhari 2708 (Book 53, Hadith 18) #2590
Dispute Resolution with Generosity

SUMMARY: Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave a generous judgement to both parties in a dispute, but when the Ansari man became angry and insulted him, he gave Az-Zubair his full right according to the evident law.

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair: Az-Zubair told me that he quarreled with an Ansari man who had participated in (the battle of) Badr in front of Allah's Messenger ﷺ about a water stream which both of them used for irrigation. Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to Az-Zubair, "O Zubair! Irrigate (your garden) first, and then let the water flow to your neighbor". The Ansari became angry and said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! Is it because he is your cousin?" On that the complexion of Allah's Messenger ﷺ changed (because of anger) and said (to Az-Zubair), "I irrigate (your garden) and then withhold the water till it reaches the walls (surrounding the palms)". So, Allah's Messenger ﷺ gave Az-Zubair his full right. Before that Allah's Messenger ﷺ had given a generous judgment beneficial for Az-Zubair and the Ansari, but when the Ansan irritated Allah's Messenger ﷺ he gave Az-Zubair his full right according to the evident law. Az-Zubair said, "By Allah ! I think the following Verse was revealed concerning that case: "But no by your Lord They can have No faith Until they make you judge In all disputes between them". (4:65)
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعَيْبٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ، كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّهُ خَاصَمَ رَجُلاً مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي شِرَاجٍ مِنَ الْحَرَّةِ كَانَا يَسْقِيَانِ بِهِ كِلاَهُمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلزُّبَيْرِ ‏"‏ اسْقِ يَا زُبَيْرُ ثُمَّ أَرْسِلْ إِلَى جَارِكَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَغَضِبَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ آنْ كَانَ ابْنَ عَمَّتِكَ فَتَلَوَّنَ وَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏"‏ اسْقِ ثُمَّ احْبِسْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْجَدْرَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَاسْتَوْعَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَئِذٍ حَقَّهُ لِلزُّبَيْرِ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ أَشَارَ عَلَى الزُّبَيْرِ بِرَأْىٍ سَعَةٍ لَهُ وَلِلأَنْصَارِيِّ، فَلَمَّا أَحْفَظَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَوْعَى لِلزُّبَيْرِ حَقَّهُ فِي صَرِيحِ الْحُكْمِ‏.‏ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَحْسِبُ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ إِلاَّ فِي ذَلِكَ ‏{‏فَلاَ وَرَبِّكَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ‏}‏ الآيَةَ‏.‏
TOPICS
dispute  *  resolution  *  generosity  *  justice  *  aljidlah  *  taslm  *  ihsn  *  adl

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive for justice in our dealings with others; try to resolve disputes peacefully without resorting to aggression or insults; forgive those who wrong you; remember that even if someone wrongs you or insults you we should still strive for justice and fairness in our dealings with them as this is what Allah expects from us as believers .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how Allah's Messenger handled a dispute between two people. He initially gave a generous judgement that was beneficial for both parties, but when one of them became angry and insulted him, he changed his judgement and gave the other person their full right according to the evident law. This teaches us that we should always strive for justice in our dealings with others and not be swayed by emotions or personal relationships. We should also try to resolve disputes peacefully without resorting to insults or aggression. Furthermore, it is important to remember that even if someone wrongs us or insults us we should still strive for justice and fairness in our dealings with them as this is what Allah expects from us as believers.

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