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Sunan Abi Dawud 4677 (Book 42, Hadith 82) #24968
The Fundamentals of Faith in Allah

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught a delegation from Abd al-Qais about the fundamentals of faith in Allah, which includes testifying that there is no god but Allah, believing in Muhammad as Allah's Apostle, observing prayer, paying zakat, fasting during Ramadan and giving a fifth of the booty.

Ibn 'Abbas said : When the deputation of 'Abd al-Qais came to the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him), he commanded them to believe in Allah. He asked : Do you know what faith in Allah is? They replied : Allah and his Apostle know best. He said: It includes the testimony that there is no god but Allah, and that Muhammad is Allah’s Apostle, the observance of the prayer, the payment of zakat, the fasts of Ramadan, and your giving a fifth of the booty.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو جَمْرَةَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ إِنَّ وَفْدَ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ لَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَتَدْرُونَ مَا الإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ‏"‏ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنْ تُعْطُوا الْخُمُسَ مِنَ الْمَغْنَمِ

TOPICS
faith  *  testimony  *  prayer  *  fasting  *  booty  *  iman  *  shahada  *  salat  *  zakat  *  sawm  *  ghaneema

QUICK LESSONS:
Believe in God's oneness; Believe Prophet Muhammad was sent by Him; Observe regular prayers; Give charity through Zakah; Fast during Ramadan; Give away one-fifth part of any booty or spoils taken from war

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the fundamentals of faith in Allah. It teaches us that to have faith in God we must testify that there is no god but Him and believe that Prophet Muhammad is His messenger. We must also observe prayer regularly and pay zakat as charity to those who are less fortunate than us. Additionally we must fast during Ramadan and give a fifth part of any booty or spoils taken from war. These are all essential components for having true faith in God.

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