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Sunan Abi Dawud 4595 (Book 41, Hadith 102) #24886
Retaliation for Broken Tooth

SUMMARY: The hadith is about a woman who had her front tooth broken and the Prophet (PBUH) made a decision in accordance with the Book of Allah that retaliation should be taken. However, people were agreeable to accepting a fine instead.

Narrated Anas bin Malik: Al-Rubayyi', sister of Anas b. al-Nadr, broke (one of) the front teeth of a woman. They came to the Prophet . He made a decision in accordance with the Book of Allah that retaliation should be taken. Anas b. al-Nadr said: I swear by Him who has sent you the truth, her front tooth will not be broken today. He replied: Anas ! Allah's decree is retaliation. But the people were agreeable to accepting a fine, so the Prophet said: Among Allah's servants there are those who, if they adjured Allah, He (Allah) would consent to it. Abu Dawud said: I heard Ahmad b. Hanbal say: He was asked : How retaliation of a tooth is taken ? He said: It is broken with a file.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الطَّوِيلِ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ كَسَرَتِ الرُّبَيِّعُ أُخْتُ أَنَسِ بْنِ النَّضْرِ ثَنِيَّةَ امْرَأَةٍ فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ فَقَضَى بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ الْقِصَاصَ فَقَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّتُهَا الْيَوْمَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ يَا أَنَسُ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ الْقِصَاصُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَرَضُوا بِأَرْشٍ أَخَذُوهُ فَعَجِبَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ وَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ سَمِعْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ قِيلَ لَهُ كَيْفَ يُقْتَصُّ مِنَ السِّنِّ قَالَ تُبْرَدُ

TOPICS
retaliation  *  tooth  *  fine  *  adjure  *  file  *  qisas  *  sina  *  kaffara  *  yastahiqqun  *  muhallaq

QUICK LESSONS:
Abide by justice & fairness according to Islamic teachings

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about when Anas bin Malik's sister, Al-Rubayyi', broke the front tooth of another woman. They came to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and he made a decision in accordance with the Book of Allah that retaliation should be taken. This means that Al-Rubayyi' would have her own front tooth broken as well as punishment for breaking someone else's tooth. However, people were agreeable to accepting a fine instead and so the Prophet ﷺ said that if they adjured Allah He would consent to it. It was then asked how retaliation of a tooth is taken and it was said that it is broken with a file. This hadith teaches us about justice and fairness; even though we may not like what we are told or what must be done, we must still abide by justice and fairness according to Islamic teachings even if it means going against our own desires or wishes.

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