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Sunan Abi Dawud 4593 (Book 41, Hadith 100) #24884
Liability for Harm Caused by Animals, Mines and Wells

SUMMARY: No retaliation is payable for harm caused by a free animal, a mine, or a well. A fifth of the treasure found buried in the land is due to the ruler.

Narrated Abu Hurairah: The Messenger of Allah as saying: No retaliation is payable for a wound caused by a dumb animal, for a mine, and for a well. On the treasure found buried in the land there is a fifth. Abu Dawud said: A dumb animal means an animal which is free and has not tether, and there is no one (as a watchman) with it. It causes harm by day and not by night.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، وَأَبِي، سَلَمَةَ سَمِعَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏ "‏ الْعَجْمَاءُ جَرْحُهَا جُبَارٌ وَالْمَعْدِنُ جُبَارٌ وَالْبِئْرُ جُبَارٌ وَفِي الرِّكَازِ الْخُمُسُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الْعَجْمَاءُ الْمُنْفَلِتَةُ الَّتِي لاَ يَكُونُ مَعَهَا أَحَدٌ وَتَكُونُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَلاَ تَكُونُ بِاللَّيْلِ

TOPICS
retaliation  *  animal  *  mine  *  well  *  treasure  *  qisas  *  sahl  *  madan  *  bir  *  kanz

QUICK LESSONS:
Take responsibility for your actions and those under your care; Respect authority figures such as rulers; Be mindful of your surroundings; Pay attention to details when dealing with matters related to liability .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that no one should be held liable for any harm caused by an animal that is not tethered and has no watchman with it, or from a mine or well. The ruler of the land will receive one-fifth of any treasure found buried in the land. This hadith teaches us to be mindful of our surroundings and to take responsibility for our actions as well as those under our care. It also reminds us that we should respect authority figures such as rulers who are responsible for protecting their people and lands from harm.

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