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Sunan Abi Dawud 4403 (Book 40, Hadith 53) #24694
Actions of Sleepers, Children and Lunatics Not Recorded

SUMMARY: The actions of a sleeping person, a child before puberty, and a lunatic are not recorded.

Narrated Ali ibn AbuTalib: The Prophet said: There are three (persons) whose actions are not recorded: a sleeper till he awakes, a boy till he reaches puberty, and a lunatic till he comes to reason. Abu Dawud said: Ibn Juraij has transmitted it from Al-Qasim b. Yazid on the authority of 'Ali from the Prophet . This version adds: "and an old man who is feeble-minded".
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، عَنْ خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَى، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ ‏"‏ رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ وَعَنِ الصَّبِيِّ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَعَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ رضى الله عنه عَنِ النَّبِيِّ زَادَ فِيهِ ‏"‏ وَالْخَرِفِ

TOPICS
sleep  *  child  *  lunatic  *  frailminded

QUICK LESSONS:
Be compassionate towards those who may lack the capacity to make decisions or act responsibly due to their age or mental health condition; Strive to protect them from harm as much as possible; Ensure justice for all individuals regardless of their age or mental state;

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that the actions of certain people are not recorded. These people include those who are asleep, children before they reach puberty, and lunatics until they come to reason. Additionally, an old man who is feeble-minded is also included in this list. This means that these individuals will not be held accountable for their actions as they do not have full control over them due to their circumstances or mental state. It teaches us to be compassionate towards those who may lack the capacity to make decisions or act responsibly due to their age or mental health condition. We should also strive to protect them from harm as much as possible so that we can ensure justice for all individuals regardless of their age or mental state.

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