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Sahih al-Bukhari 2578 (Book 51, Hadith 13) #2467
Liberating Slaves and Charity

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) taught that when buying a slave, the Wala should be given to the liberator and that charity given to a slave is sadaqa for them but a gift for us.

Narrated 'Aisha: I intended to buy Barirah but her masters stipulated that her Wala should be for them. When the Prophet was told about it, he said to me, "Buy and manumit her, as the Wala' is for the liberator". Once Barirah was given some meat, and the Prophet asked, "What is this?" I said, "It has been given to Barirah in charity". He said, "It is sadaqa for her but a gift for us". Barirah was given the option (to stay with her husband or to part with him)'.Abdur-Rahman (a sub-narrator) wondered, "Was her husband a slave or a free man?" Shu'ba (another sub-narrator) said, "I asked 'Abdur-Rahman whether her husband was a slave or a free man. He replied that he did not know whether he was a slave or a free man".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْقَاسِمِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ، وَأَنَّهُمُ اشْتَرَطُوا وَلاَءَهَا، فَذُكِرَ لِلنَّبِيِّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ اشْتَرِيهَا فَأَعْتِقِيهَا، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلاَءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ‏"‏‏.‏ وَأُهْدِيَ لَهَا لَحْمٌ، فَقِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ هَذَا تُصُدِّقَ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ هُوَ لَهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَلَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ ‏"‏‏.‏ وَخُيِّرَتْ‏.‏ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ زَوْجُهَا حُرٌّ أَوْ عَبْدٌ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ زَوْجِهَا‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ أَدْرِي أَحُرٌّ أَمْ عَبْدٌ

TOPICS
liberation  *  charity  *  slave  *  taqabbalah  *  sadaqa  *  abd  *  istianah  *  ikhtiyar  *  muhammad

QUICK LESSONS:
Buy and manumit slaves; Give their Wala to the liberator; Consider charity as both sadaqa and gift; Show respect towards slaves

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us about the importance of liberating slaves. When buying a slave, it is important to give their Wala to the liberator as this will ensure they are free from slavery. Additionally, charity given to slaves is not only beneficial for them but also for those who give it as it is considered both sadaqa and a gift. Furthermore, this hadith also teaches us about giving people options; Barirah was given an option between staying with her husband or parting with him. Finally, this hadith shows us how much respect Prophet Muhammadﷻ showed towards slaves by teaching these values which were revolutionary at his time.

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