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Sunan Abi Dawud 3557 (Book 24, Hadith 142) #23847
Inheritance Rights of Women

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ruled in favor of a woman from the Ansar tribe, who was given an orchard by her son. He declared that it belonged to her during her life and after death, and praised the son for his charitable act.

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Messenger of Allah decided a case of a woman from the Ansar to whom an orchard of date-palms was given by her son. She then died. Her son said: I gave it to her for her life, and she has brothers. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah said: It belongs to her during her life and after death. He then said: I gave a sadaqah (charity to her. He replied: It is more unexpected from you.
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ حَبِيبٍ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ - عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ الأَعْرَجِ، عَنْ طَارِقٍ الْمَكِّيِّ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ أَعْطَاهَا ابْنُهَا حَدِيقَةً مِنْ نَخْلٍ فَمَاتَتْ فَقَالَ ابْنُهَا إِنَّمَا أَعْطَيْتُهَا حَيَاتَهَا ‏.‏ وَلَهُ إِخْوَةٌ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ هِيَ لَهَا حَيَاتَهَا وَمَوْتَهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ كُنْتُ تَصَدَّقْتُ بِهَا عَلَيْهَا ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ ذَلِكَ أَبْعَدُ لَكَ

TOPICS
inheritance  *  women  *  charity  *  mawqif  *  sadaqah  *  tribe

QUICK LESSONS:
Give charity whenever possible , Respect women's right over their own property .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the inheritance rights of women in Islam. It tells us that when a woman dies, she has the right to inherit whatever she was given during her lifetime. In this case, it was an orchard of date-palms given to her by her son. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) ruled in favor of this woman and declared that it belonged to her both during life and after death. He also praised the son for giving charity as a sadaqah which is more unexpected from him. This hadith teaches us that women have equal rights as men when it comes to inheritance and encourages us to be generous with our wealth by giving charity whenever possible.

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