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Sunan Abi Dawud 3245 (Book 22, Hadith 4) #23535
Taking Unfair Oaths is Forbidden

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ taught that one should not take an oath to take away someone else's property by unfair means.

Narrated 'Alqamah b. Wa'il b. Hujr al-Hadrami: On the Authority of his father: A man from Hadhramaut and a man of Kindah came to the Messenger of Allah . Al-Hadrami said: Messenger of Allah, this (man) took away forcibly from me the land which belongs to my father. Al-Kindi said: It is my land in my possession, and I cultivate it, he has no right to it. The Prophet then said to al-Hadrami: Have you any proof ? He said: #He then said: So for you is his oath. He said: Messenger of Allah, he is liar, he does not care for which he is taking the oath. He does not refrain himself from anything. The Prophet said: You will have nothing from him except that. He went to take an oath for him. When he turned his back, the Messenger of Allah said: If he takes an oath on the property to take it away by unfair means, he will meet Allah while He is unmindful of him.
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنِ وَائِلِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حَضْرَمَوْتَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنْ كِنْدَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا غَلَبَنِي عَلَى أَرْضٍ كَانَتْ لأَبِي ‏.‏ فَقَالَ الْكِنْدِيُّ هِيَ أَرْضِي فِي يَدِي أَزْرَعُهَا لَيْسَ لَهُ فِيهَا حَقٌّ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ لِلْحَضْرَمِيِّ ‏"‏ أَلَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَلَكَ يَمِينُهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ فَاجِرٌ لاَ يُبَالِي مَا حَلَفَ عَلَيْهِ لَيْسَ يَتَوَرَّعُ مِنْ شَىْءٍ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنْهُ إِلاَّ ذَاكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَانْطَلَقَ لِيَحْلِفَ لَهُ فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ أَمَا لَئِنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مَالٍ لِيَأْكُلَهُ ظَالِمًا لَيَلْقَيَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَهُوَ عَنْهُ مُعْرِضٌ

TOPICS
oath  *  unfair  *  property  *  yamin  *  zalim  *  mal  *  allah

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive for justice and fairness in our dealings with others even if this means accepting a loss for ourselves at times .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us that we should not take an oath to take away someone else's property by unfair means. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was approached by two men who were arguing over a piece of land; one man claimed it belonged to his father while the other said it was his and he cultivated it. The Prophet ﷺ asked the first man if he had any proof and when he said no, the Prophet ﷺ told him that all he could do was accept the other man's oath as proof of ownership. However, when the second man went to swear on the land in order to prove his claim over it unfairly, the Prophet ﷺ warned him that if he did so then Allah would be unmindful of him on Judgment Day. This hadith teaches us that we should never try and use our words or actions in order to wrongfully gain something from another person; instead we must always strive for justice and fairness in our dealings with others even if this means accepting a loss for ourselves at times.

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